Статья

Надежда Алексеевна Соколова, м.н.с. Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН (119071, Россия, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3086-5825; e-mail: nadezhdasklva@gmail.com
Елена Михайловна Литвинова, к.б.н., ассистент биологического факультета Московского государственного университета им. М.В. Ломоносова (119234, Россия, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12); с.н.с. государственного природного заповедника «Калужские засеки» (249750, Калужская область, Ульяновский район, с. Ульяново, ул. Большая Советская, д.75); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8373-1604; e-mail: canis_litvinova@mail.ru
Павел Александрович Сорокин, к.б.н., с.н.с. Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН (119071, Россия, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8462-8804; e-mail: sorokin-p@yandex.ru
Хосе Антонио Эрнандес-Бланко, к.б.н., с.н.с. Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН (119071, Россия, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-2483; e-mail: j.a.hernandez.blanco@gmail.com

Sokolova N.A., Litvinova E.M., Sorokin P.A., Hernandez-Blanco J.A. 2022. How Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) use suboptimal habitats? Space use dynamics in forest streams of Central Russian Upland // Nature Conservation Research. Vol. 7(2). P. 54–65. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2022.020

Electronic Supplement. Datasets of Lutra lutra signs and camera-trapping sites, average temperatures, river usage, success rate of mtDNA analysis (Ссылка).

Территориальность регулирует пространственные и социальные взаимодействия у многих видов хищных млекопитающих. Обычно она определяется обилием ресурсов и конкуренцией за них. Lutra lutra (далее – выдра), один из видов околоводных хищных млекопитающих, способна использовать широкий спектр различных типов ресурсов, что может оказывать влияние на организацию пространства и его использование. Оно хорошо исследовано для оптимальных местообитаний (широкие реки, озера), но было практически не изучено для субоптимальных. Было проведено исследование характера и динамики пространственного размещения речной выдры с помощью как полевых, так и генетических методов на примере лесных водотоков Среднерусской возвышенности. За исследуемый временной промежуток (2002–2018 гг.) наблюдается волнообразное изменение встречаемости выдры с периодом в девять лет. Ключевым фактором, влияющим на размещение выдры в снежный период, является доступность открытой воды, а в бесснежный – уровень воды в водотоке. Выявлены консервативные места размножения выдры, в некоторые годы наблюдается два периода размножения. Анализ участка контрольного региона мтДНК показал, что на разных системах рек заповедника обитают животные с разными гаплотипами мтДНК, что может говорить о наличии индивидуальных участков по одной системе рек. Результаты показывают, что выдры используют субоптимальные местообитания как дополнительную буферную зону для переживания неблагоприятных условий среды.

использование пространства, контрольный регион, многолетний мониторинг, мтДНК, пространственное размещение

Поступила: 24.01.2022. Исправлена: 19.03.2022. Принята к опубликованию: 29.03.2022.

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