Статья

Стародубцева Елена Анатольевна, к.б.н., зам. директора по научной работе, Воронежский государственный природный биосферный заповедник имени В.М. Пескова (394080, Воронеж, ул. Генерала Лохматикова, 47); e-mail: starodbtsv@gmail.com
Григорьевская Анна Яковлевна, д.г.н., проф., Воронежский государственный университет, факультет географии, геоэкологии и туризма (394068, Воронеж, ул. Хользунова, д. 40 «Д», кв. 238); e-mail: grigaya@mail.ru
Лепешкина Лилия Александровна, к.г.н., научный сотрудник Ботанического сада Воронежского государственного университета (394043, Воронеж, ул. Келлера, д. 17); e-mail: lilez1980@mail.ru
Лисова Ольга Сергеевна, к.г.н., старший преподаватель, Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова (394043, Воронеж, ул. МОПРа, 12а, кв. 75); e-mail: ospopova@yandex.ru

Starodubtseva E.A., Grigoryevskaya A.Ya., Lepeshkina L.A., Lisova O.S. 2017. Alien species in local floras of the Voronezh Region Nature Reserve Fund (Russia) // Nature Conservation Research. Vol. 2(4). P. 53–77. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2017.041

Были изучены чужеродные фракции локальных флор природно-заповедного фонда Воронежской области, расположенной на границе лесостепной и степной зон. Были выбраны 16 модельных особо охраняемых природных территорий (ООПТ), имеющих различный природоохранный статус и различные размеры территорий. В статье предпринята попытка оценить: а) степень биологического загрязнения флор ООПТ, охраняющих лесостепные и степные экосистемы; б) особенности адвентивных фракций флор ООПТ различных категорий. Дана характеристика ООПТ в отношении возможностей и условий для инвазии чужеродных видов сосудистых растений. Адвентивная фракция флор ООПТ включает 262 таксона: 255 видов, 5 гибридов, 1 подвид, 1 разновидность, относящихся к 178 родам и 66 семействам. Для типологического анализа чужеродные виды были разделены на группы по времени заноса, способу заноса и степени натурализации. Доля чужеродных видов в составе локальных флор ООПТ в среднем составляет 11.1% (от 4.4% до 16.8%). Если учитывать только стабильные элементы флоры (без эфемерофитов и колонофитов), степень загрязнения локальных флор ООПТ в среднем составляет 6.1% (от 3.5% до 8.9%). Наибольшее число адвентивных видов отмечено во флорах государственных заповедников и государственных заказников, региональные ООПТ характеризуются меньшей долей чужеродных растений. Анализ способов заноса чужеродных видов показал, что большой вклад в пополнение чужеродной флоры на ООПТ вносит деятельность человека по интродукции растений: 31.7% адвентов – это «беглецы из культуры», 15% чужеродных видов были целенаправленно посажены на этих ООПТ. Во флорах ООПТ отмечено 19 видов-трансформеров, из них 11 являются ксенофитами, 8 видов – эргазиофитами. В результате проведенного исследования сделан вывод о необходимости проведения практических работ по управлению процессом инвазии адвентивных растений на территориях государственных заповедников.

инвазии, особо охраняемые природные территории, природно-заповедный фонд, чужеродная флора, чужеродные виды растений

Поступила в редакцию: 06.07.2017

Agafonov V.A. 2003. On flora of the Krasnyansk steppe. Vestnik of the Voronezh State University. Series: Chemistry, Biology, Pharmacy 2: 91–94. [In Russian]
Agafonov V.A. 2004. Grass family (Gramineae Juss., Poaceae Barnh.) of the Usman pinewoods: about flora of the educational scientific biological centre of VSU «Venevitinovo» precincts. Vestnik of the Voronezh State University. Series: Chemistry, Biology, Pharmacy 2: 90–98. [In Russian]
Akhtyrtsev B.P., Akhtyrtsev A.B. 1993. Central Russian Black Earth topsoil. Voronezh: Voronezh University Publisher. 216 p. [In Russian]
Allen J.A., Brown C.S., Stohlgren T.J. 2009. Non-native plant invasions of United States National Parks. Biological Invasions 11: 2195–2207. DOI:10.1007/s10530-008-9376-1
Barabash G.I., Kamaeva G.M., Mayorov S.R., Khlyzova N.Yu. 2008. Vascular plant list of the educational scientific biological centre of Voronezh State University «Venevitinovo». Preliminary results. Moscow: MAKS Press. 44 p. [In Russian]
Bukhalo M.A. 1989. Systematical structure of the native flora of the Central Black Earth region in connection with its floristic zonation. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 74(5): 638–650. [In Russian]
Burda R.I. 2014. Integration of invasive alien species control into the management system of the Protected Areas. Ekosistemy 10: 208–220. [In Russian]
Burda R.I., Golivets M.A., Petrovich O.Z. 2015. Alien species in the flora of the nature reserve fund of the flatland part of Ukraine. Russian Journal of Biological Invasions 6(1): 6–20. DOI: 10.1134/S2075111715010038
Chernobylova M.V., Agafonov V.A., Khmelev K.F. 2000. Flora of key sites of ecological network in the southern part of Voronezh region (annotated list of species). Voronezh: Voronezh State University. 58 p. [In Russian]
De Poorter M., Pagad S., Ullah M.I. 2007. Invasive alien species and protected areas: a scoping report. Produced for the World Bank as a contribution to the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP), ISSG IUCN. 93 p.
Dronin G.V. 2014. Alien (adventive) plant species in the flora of Protected Areas in the Syzranka river basin (Zasyzranye district). Samarskaya Luka: problems of regional and global ecology 23(3): 103–111. [In Russian]
Egorov V.N., Treshchevskiy I.V., Shatalov V.G. 1967. Field-protecting and floodplain forestation. Voronezh: Tsentralno-Chernozemnoe knizhnoe izdatelstvo. 116 p. [In Russian]
Fedotov V.I. (Ed.). 2013. Ecological Geographical atlas of the Voronezh region. Voronezh: Voronezh State University. 514 p. [In Russian]
Flora of the European part of the USSR. Volumes 1–9. Leningrad: Nauka, 1974–1989. [In Russian]
Foxcroft L.C., Pyšek P., Richardson D.M., Genovesi P. (Eds.). 2013. Plant invasions in protected areas: patterns, problems and challenges. Dordrecht: Springer. 656 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7750-7
Foxcroft L.C., Pyšek P., Richardson D.M., Genovesi P., MacFadyen S. 2017. Plant invasion science in protected areas: progress and priorities. Biological Invasions 19(5): 1353–1378. DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1367-z
Golitsyn S.V. 1961. Plant list of the Voronezh State Reserve. Proceedings of the Voronezh State Reserve 10: 1–101. [In Russian]
Grigoryevskaya A.Ya., Zelepukin D.S. 2013. Flora of oak forests in Voronezh urban district: biogeographical, ecological, environmental aspects. Voronezh: Voronezhskaya oblastnaya tipografiya. 260 p. [In Russian]
Grigoryevskaya A.Ya., Starodubtseva E.A., Khlyzova N.Yu., Agafonov V.A. 2004. Adventive flora of Voronezh region: historical, biogeographical, ecological aspects. Voronezh: Voronezh State University. 320 p. [In Russian]
Grigoryevskaya A.Ya., Gamaskova E.S., Pashchenko A.I., Chernukhin S.M. 2008. Synanthropic flora of the Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Earth Region named after V.V. Dokuchaev. Voronezh region Kamennaya steppe. Flora and vegetation of the Central Black Earth region – 2008. Kursk. P. 6–13. [In Russian]
Holub J., Jirásek V. 1967. Zur Vereinheitlichung der Terminologie in der Phytogeographie. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 2(1): 69–113.
Kamyshev N.S. 1953. Kamennaya steppe natural flora characteristics. Proceedings of Voronezh State University 28: 143–144. [In Russian]
Kamyshev N.S. 1955. Natural flora analysis of the Khrenovskaya steppe. Proceedings of Voronezh State University 42(1): 35–36. [In Russian]
Kamyshev N.S. 1971. Kamennaya and Khrenovskaya steppe flora of the Voronezh region. In: Scientific notes of the Voronezh branch of the All-Union Botanical Society. Voronezh. P. 31–54. [In Russian]
Kozhevnikova L.I., Chagarnaya Z.V. 1986. Dynamics of Khrenovskaya steppe flora. In: Study and protection of small protected areas nature. Voronezh. P. 77–84. [In Russian]
Lepeshkina L.A. 2012. Plant invasions problems in Protected Areas of the Middle Russian forest-steppe. In: Modern problems of introduction and conservation of plant biodiversity: Materials of the 2^nd International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 75^th anniversary of the Botanical gardens named after professor B.M Kozo-Polyanskyi and centenary of the S.I. Mashkin's birth (Voronezh, 3–5 October, 2012). Voronezh. P. 53–57. [In Russian]
Lepeshkina L.A., Grigoryevskaya A.Ya, Klevtsova M.A., Voronin A.A. 2014. Invasive dendroflora of the Middle Russian forest-steppe: structural and biogeographical factors of research. Tambov University Vestnik. Series: Natural Sciences and Technology 19(5): 1524–1528. [In Russian]
Maevskiy P.F. 2014. Flora of Middle belt of the European part of Russia. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press Ltd. 635 p. [In Russian]
Mashkin S.I. 1952. Wild and cultural trees and bushes of Voronezh region. In: Voronezh Region trees and bushes: Proceedings of Voronezh University Botanical Garden. Voronezh. P. 18–176. [In Russian]
McNeely J.A., Mooney H.A., Neville L.E., Schei P., Waage J.K. (Eds.). 2001. A Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. 50 p.
Monaco A., Genovesi P. 2014. European guidelines on Protected Areas and invasive alien species. Strasbourg, France and Lazio Region, Rome, Italy: Council of Europe and Regional Parks Agency. 58 p.
Morozova O.V. 2003. Adventive species' contribution to the formation of diversity and structure of the Eastern Europe floras. Izvestia of Russian Academy of Sciences/ Geographical series 3: 63–71. [In Russian].
Morozova O.V. 2008. Eastern Europe's taxonomic richness: Factors of territorial differentiation. Moscow: Nauka publ. 328 p. [In Russian].
Morozova O.V., Starodubtseva E.A., Tsarevskaya N.G. 2008. Adventive flora of the European part of Russia. Izvestia of Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical series 5: 85–94. [In Russian]
Morozova O.V., Tsarevskaya N.G. 2010. Invasive species' contribution to reserves' flora. Izvestia of Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical series 4: 54–62. [In Russian]
Negrobov O.P. (Ed.). 2001. The cadastre of Protected Areas of Voronezh region. Voronezh: Voronezh State University. 146 p. [In Russian]
Neskryabina E.S., Pechenyuk E.V. 1997. About floristic findings in the Khoper Reserve. In: Problems of preserving and evaluating the state of the natural complexes and objects. Voronezh. P. 97–98. [In Russian]
Neskryabina E.S., Pechenyuk E.V. 2012. A new in the flora of the Khoperskyi Reserve and its vicinity. Proceedings of Khoper state reserve 7: 139–144. [In Russian]
Neskryabina E.S., Pechenyuk E.V., Rodionova N.A. 2012. The expansion of some invasive plants at the territory of the Khoper State Reserve. In: Anthropogenic influence on flora and vegetation: Materials of the 3^rd scientific-practical regional conference (February, 17–18, 2012 Lipetsk). Lipetsk. P. 30–34. [In Russian]
Pechenyuk E.V. 1997. Analytical review of the amendments to the list of the hydrophytes in the Khoper State Reserve. In: Problems of preserving and evaluating the state of the natural complexes and objects: Materials of the scientific-practical conference dedicated to 70-year anniversary of the Voronezh State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Voronezh, Grafskaya station, September, 8–11, 1997). Voronezh. P. 92–93. [In Russian]
Petrovich O.Z., Burda R.I., Pashkevich N.A., Golivets M.A. 2014. Preconditions for the establishment of forest steppe non-native floras of the protected areas of Ukraine. Chornomorski Botanical Journal 10(3): 388–401. DOI: 10.14255/2308-9628/14.103/11 [In Ukrainian]
Ponert J. 1977. Ergasiophygophytes and Xenophytes of East Asiatic Origin in Adjaria. A Stimulus to New Terminology, Especially for Ergasiophygophytes. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 12: 9–22.
Prokhorova O.V., Grigoryevskaya A.Ya. 2007. Biogeografic peculiarities of the Voronezh region steppes flora. Vestnik of the Voronezh State University. Series: Geography. Geoecology 2: 26–36. [In Russian]
Pyšek P., Sádlo J., Mandák B. 2002a. Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia 74: 97–186.
Pyšek P., Jarošik V., Kučera T. 2002b. Patterns of invasion in temperate nature reserves. Biological Conservation 104: 13–24. DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00150-1
Pyšek P., Jarošik V., Kučera T. 2003. Inclusion of Native and Alien Species in Temperate Nature Reserves: an Historical Study from Central Europe. Conservation Biology 17(5): 1414–1424.
Pyšek P., Genovesi P., Pergl J., Monaco A., Wild J. 2013. Plant Invasions of protected areas in Europe: an old continent facing new problems. In: L.C. Foxcroft, P. Pyšek, D.M. Richardson, P. Genovesi (Eds.): Plant invasions in protected areas: patterns, problems and challenges. Dordrecht: Springer. P. 209–240. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7750-7_11
Report on environmental situation in the Voronezh region in 2014. Voronezh regional department of natural resources and Ecology. Voronezh: Voronezh State University, 2015. 232 p. [In Russian]
Richardson D.M., Pyšek P., Rejmánek M., Barbour M.G., Panetta F.D., West C.J. 2000. Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: conception and definitions. Diversity and distribution 6: 93–107.
Rikli M. 1903. Die Anthropochoren und der Formenkreis des Nasturtium palustre DC. Berichte der Zürcher Botanischen Gesellschaft 8: 71–82.
Rodionova N.A. 2000. Cultivated species of plants as potential invasive plants in the reserve's community. In: Status, research and preservation of the reserved natural complexes of the forest-steppe zone. Voronezh. P. 63–66. [In Russian]
Starodubtseva E.A. 1999. Vascular plants. In: Flora of the Voronezh State Reserve. Vol. 78. Moscow. P. 5–96. [In Russian]
Starodubtseva E.A. 2007. Additions and amendments to the list of Voronezh Reserve vascular plants. Proceedings of the Voronezh State Reserve 24: 74–92. [In Russian]
Starodubtseva E.A. 2011. Alien flora of protected territories (by the example of the Voronezh Biosphere Reserve). Russian Journal of Biological Invasions 2(4): 265–267. DOI: 10.1134/S2075111711040114
Starodubtseva E.A. 2012. Addition to flora of the vascular plants in Voronezh Reserve. Proceedings of Voronezh State Reserve 26: 55–64. [In Russian]
Starodubtseva E.A. 2013. Naturalisation of invasive plants in the Voronezh Reserve. Central Black Earth region flora and vegetation – 2013. Kursk. P. 183–188. [In Russian]
Starodubtseva E.A. 2016. Species extinction in protected areas (Voronezh reserve, 1935–2015). Russian Journal of Ecosystem Ecology 1(4). DOI:10.21685/2500-0578-2016-4-4. [In Russian]
Takhtajan A.L. 1978. The floristic regions of the World. Leningrad: Nauka. 347 p. [In Russian]
Thellung A. 1918–1919. Zur Terminologie der Adventiv- und Ruderalflora. Allgemeine Botanische Zeitschrift für Systematik, Floristik, Pflanzengeographie 24/25: 36–42.
Tzvelev N.N. 1988. Flora of the Khoper State Reserve. Leningrad: Nauka. 191 p. [In Russian]
Tzvelev N.N. (Ed.). 1996. Flora of Eastern Europe. Vol. 9. St.-Petersburg: Mir i Semja. 456 p. [In Russian]
Tzvelev N.N. (Ed.). 2001. Flora of Eastern Europe. Vol. 10. St.-Petersburg: Mir i Semja. 670 p. [In Russian]
Tzvelev N.N. (Ed.). 2004. Flora of Eastern Europe. Vol. 11. Moscow; St.-Petersburg: KMK Scientific Press Ltd. 536 p. [In Russian]
Vinogradova Yu.K., Mayorov S.R., Khorun L.V. 2010. The Black Book of flora of Central Russia: alien plant species in ecosystems of Central Russia. Moscow: GEOS. 511 p. [In Russian]