Article

Darya S. Balycheva, PhD, Researcher of the Department of Aquaculture and Marine Pharmacology of Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Researches RAS (299011, Russia, Sevastopol, Nakhimov Pr., 2), e-mail: dashik8@gmail.com
Larisa I. Ryabushko, Dr.Sci., Leading Researcher of the Department of Aquaculture and Marine Pharmacology of Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Researches RAS (299011, Russia, Sevastopol, Nakhimov Pr., 2), e-mail: larisa.ryabushko@yandex.ru

Balycheva D.S., Ryabushko L.I. 2017. Benthos microalgae of the Lebyazhy'i Ostrova Reserve in the Black Sea. Nature Conservation Research 2(Suppl. 2): 9–18. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2017.027

The paper presents for the first time a list of the benthic microalgae of the Lebyazhy'i Ostrova Reserve, including the Karkinitsky Gulf and Sary-Bulatsky liman. During 2015 and 2016, 78 taxa were found: Bacillariophyta – 69, Cyanoprokaryota – 6, Haptophyta – 3. In the Karkinitsky Gulf 45 taxa were found, in the Sary-Bulatsky liman – 56 taxa. The Czekanovski-Sorensen similarity coefficient between these locality is 46%. The basis of the flora is diatoms: Cocconeis scutellum, Entomoneis alata, Halamphora coffeiformis, Nitzschia scalpelliformis, Pleurosigma angulatum, Pl. elongatum, Psammodictyon panduriforme, including Coronia daemeliana, Surirella striatula, Tryblionella circumsuta, which are rare for the microphytobenthos of the Crimean coast of the Black Sea. According to different classifications, dominant algae are benthic (86%), marine (49%) and cosmopolite (30%) species. Two potentially toxic species of diatoms, H. coffeiformis and Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha, were found once, 20 species of saprobionts – indicators of water quality were found. A comparison of the floras in the protected regions of the Black Sea between the Lebyazhy'i Ostrova Reserve and the Kazachya Bay Sanctuary showed 38 common species of benthic diatoms, in the Karadag Nature Reserve – 43 and in the Kazantip Nature Reserve (Azov Sea) – 21. The total microalgae abundance of the epilithon of the stones of the Sary-Bulatsky liman varied from 81,000 to 331,000 cellscm^-2, biomass – 0.012–0.018 mgcm^-2, number of species – 11–13. A significant contribution was made by cyanobacteria, their average abundance reached 256,000 cellscm^-2 and biomass – 0.007 mgcm^-2. The abundance of diatoms varied from 48,000 to 75,000 cellscm^-2, the biomass reached 0.011 mgcm^-2 with the dominance of Seminavis ventricosa. The obtained data have shown the necessity of regular monitoring of the microphytobenthos of the Lebyazhy'i Ostrova Reserve in order to identify the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of mass, rare, toxic species and aquatic environment quality estimating using indicator species of microalgae.

Black Sea, diatoms, Lebyazhy'i Ostrova Reserve, microalgae, microphytobenthos

Received: 17.03.2017

Balycheva D.S. 2014. Species composition, structure and function characteristics of microalgae of antropogenic substrates periphyton in the Сrimean coast of the Black Sea. PhD thesis. Sevastopol. 24 p. [In Russian]
Begun A.A., Ryabushko L.I., Zvyagintsev A.Yu. 2015. Species composition of the Bacillariophyta periphyton in the water areas of Posiet Bay adjoining the Far Eastern Marine State Biosphere Nature Reserve (the Sea of Japan). Algologiya 25(1): 2–15. [In Russian]
Begun A.A., Ryabushko L.I., Zvyaginsev A.Yu. 2015. Bacillariophyta of Periphyton of Navigation Buoys in the Posiet Bay Area (the Sea of Japan, Russia). International Journal on Algae 17(1): 23–27.
Evstigneeva I.K., Tankovskaya I.N. 2010. Macrophytobenthos and macrophytoperiphyton «Lebyazhy'i Ostrova» Reserve (the Black Sea, Ukraine). Algologiya 20(2): 176–191. [In Russian]
Guslyakov N.E., Zakordonets O.A., Gerasimyuk V.P. 1992. Atlas of benthic diatoms north-western part of the Black Sea and adjacent waters. Kiev: Naukova Dumka. 112 p. [In Russian]
Lomakin P.D., Chekmeneva N.I., Chepyzhenko A.A. 2011. Hydrophysical conditions and characteristics of the coastal water pollution in Ornithological «Lebyazhy'i Ostrova» Reserve (Karkinitsky Gulf, the Black Sea) in summer. Marine Ecological Journal 10(1): 43–49. [In Russian]
Proshkinа-Lavrenko A.I. 1963. Diatoms of the Black Sea benthos. Moscow; Leningrad: Nauka. 243 p. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I. 2003. Potentially harmful microalgae of the Azov and Black sea basin. Sevastopol: EKOSI-Gidrofizika. 288 р. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I. 2006. Microalgae of the Black Sea Benthos (Check-list, Synonyms, Comment). Sevastopol: EKOSI-Gidrofizika. 143 p. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I. 2009. Microphytobenthos of the Black Sea. Doctoral thesis abstract. Sevastopol. 44 p. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I. 2013. Microphytobenthos of the Black Sea. Sevastopol: EKOSI-Gidrofizika. 416 p. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I., Bondarenko A.V. 2011. Microalgae of plankton and benthos of the Azov Sea (Check-list, Synonyms, Comment). Sevastopol: EKOSI-Gidrofizika. 211 p. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I., Pospelova N.V., Bondarenko А.V., Lokhova D.S. 2013. Species diversity of diatoms of Karadag (Black Sea) and Kazantip (Azov Sea) Reserves of the Сrimea: phytoplankton and microphytobenthos. In: Diatoms: current status and prospects of researches. Kostroma. P. 80–81. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I., Pospelova N.V., Bondarenko А.V., Balycheva D.S. 2015. The current state of knowledge microphytobenthos coastal waters of the Black and Azov seas near the Protected Areas of the Crimea. In: Sustainable development of Protected Areas. Sochi. P. 259–266. [In Russian]
Ryabushko L.I., Begun A.A. 2015. Diatoms of the microphytobenthos of the Japanese Sea. In 2 vol. Vol. 1. Simferopol: N. Orianda. 288 p. [In Russian]
Sadogursky S.E. 1999. The withering away of Zostera marina L. undergrowth near Sarah-Bulat Islands (Karkinitsky Gulf, Black Sea). Wildness protection in Ukraine 15(2): 17–22. [In Russian]
Sadogursky S.E. 2009. Flora and vegetation of water areas in branch of the Crimean Nature Reserve «Lebyazhy'i Ostrova» (Black Sea): current status and way of preservation. Wildness protection in Ukraine 15(2): 41–50. [In Russian]
Zherko N.V. 1998. Geochemical background monitoring of «Lebyazhy'i Ostrova» Reserve. In: State of natural complex of the Crimean Natural Reserve and other protected areas of Ukraine, their study and conservation. Alushta. P. 26–28. [In Russian]