Статья
| Название статьи | РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ ГИДРОЛОГИИ БОЛОТ В ПОЗДНЕМ ГОЛОЦЕНЕ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ОСНОВНЫХ ИНДИКАТОРОВ ПОВЕРХНОСТНОЙ ВЛАЖНОСТИ В НЕСФАГНОВЫХ ТОРФАХ |
| Авторы | Наталья Григорьевна Мазей, к.б.н., с.н.с. кафедры физической географии и ландшафтоведения географического факультета Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова (119991, Россия, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-8703; e-mail: natashamazei@mail.ru |
| Библиографическое описание статьи | Mazei N.G., Tsyganov A.N., Novenko E.Y., Avdeeva D.A., Babeshko K.V., Kupriyanov D.A., Paramonov M.S., Saldaev D.A., Ding P., Mazei Y.A. 2026. Late-Holocene mire hydrology reconstruction: challenges in applying proxies of surface wetness for non-Sphagnum peat deposits // Nature Conservation Research. Vol. 11(2). P. 67–81. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2026.013 Electronic Supplement 1. Additional information to the paper by Mazei et al. (2026) (Ссылка) |
| Рубрика | Оригинальные статьи |
| DOI | https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2026.013 |
| Аннотация | Понимание долгосрочной динамики гидрологических изменений в болотных экосистемах имеет решающее значение для прогнозирования их реакции на климатические изменения и сохранения запасов углерода в торфяных залежах. В данной работе приводится комплексная реконструкция позднеголоценовой динамики гидрологического режима болота, расположенного на южной границе смешанных лесов Восточно-Европейской равнины и характеризующегося торфяными отложениями с преобладанием остатков древесины и трав. Мы применили комплексный подход с использованием ботанического и ризоподного анализа торфяных отложений, а также анализа степени гумификации торфа для реконструкции поверхностной влажности болота. Полученные данные показывают, что основные изменения в растительном покрове болота за последние 3000 лет хорошо соответствовали климатической динамике. Однако согласованность реконструкций гидрологического режима была высокой только на начальной стадии накопления торфа и значительно снижалась при преобладании деревьев в растительном покрове. Более того, наши результаты показывают, согласованность реконструкций в болоте, расположенном в непосредственной близости и характеризующимся преобладанием сфагновых торфов, была значительно выше. Несмотря на то, что согласованность между различными палеоиндикаторами может изменяться в зависимости от типа торфяных залежей, применение комплексного подхода может выявить взаимодополняющие аспекты изменения гидрологического режима болот. |
| Ключевые слова | ботанический анализ, гумификация торфа, лесные пожары, Мордовский государственный природный заповедник, Павловское болото, палеоэкологические индикаторы, раковинные амебы, торфяники |
| Информация о статье | Поступила: 12.08.2025. Исправлена: 15.12.2025. Принята к опубликованию: 17.02.2026. |
 |
Полный текст статьи |
| Список цитируемой литературы |
Amesbury M.J., Swindles G.T., Bobrov A., Charman D.J., Holden J., Lamentowicz M., Mallon G., Mazei Y., Mitchell E.A.D., Payne R.J., Roland T.P., Turner T.E., Warner B.G. 2016. Development of a new pan-European testate amoeba transfer function for reconstructing peatland palaeohydrology. Quaternary Science Reviews 152: 132–151. DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.09.024 Barber K.E., Chambers F.M., Maddy D. 2004. Late Holocene climatic history of northern Germany and Denmark: Peat macrofossil investigations at Dosenmoor, Schleswig-Holstein, and Svanemose, Jutland. Boreas 33(2): 132–144. DOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2004.tb01135.x Bayanov N.G. 2015. Information about geological studies in the Mordovia State Nature Reserve and its surroundings. Proceedings of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve 15: 114–119. [In Russian] Bennett K.D. 1996. Determination of the number of zones in a biostratigraphical sequence. New Phytologist 132(1): 155–170. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1996.tb04521.x Biester H., Knorr K., Schellekens J., Basler A., Hermanns Y. 2014. Comparison of different methods to determine the degree of peat decomposition in peat bogs. Biogeosciences 11(10): 2691–2707. DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-2691-2014 Birks H.J.B. 2014. Challenges in the presentation and analysis of plant-macrofossil stratigraphical data. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23(3): 309–330. DOI: 10.1007/s00334-013-0430-2 Birks H.J.B., Seppä H. 2010. Late-Quaternary palaeoclimatic research in Fennoscandia – a historical review. Boreas 39(4): 655–673. DOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2010.00160.x Blaauw M. 2010. Methods and code for 'classical' age-modelling of radiocarbon sequences. Quaternary Geochronology 5(5): 512–518. DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2010.01.002 Blaauw M., Christen J.A. 2011. Flexible paleoclimate age-depth models using an autoregressive gamma process. Bayesian Analysis 6(3): 457–474. DOI: 10.1214/11-BA618 Booth R.K. 2002. Testate amoebae as paleoindicators of surface-moisture changes on Michigan peatlands: modern ecology and hydrological calibration. Journal of Paleolimnology 28(3): 329–348. DOI: 10.1023/A:1021675225099 Broder T., Blodau C., Biester H., Knorr K.H. 2012. Peat decomposition records in three pristine ombrotrophic bogs in southern Patagonia. Biogeosciences 9(4): 1479–1491. DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-1479-2012 Caseldine C., Gearey B. 2005. A multiproxy approach to reconstructing surface wetness changes and prehistoric bog bursts in a raised mire system at Derryville Bog, Co. Tipperary, Ireland. Holocene 15(4): 585–596. DOI: 10.1191/0959683605hl833rp Chambers F.M., Beilman D.W., Yu Z. 2011. Methods for determining peat humification and for quantifying peat bulk density, organic matter and carbon content for palaeostudies of climate and peatland carbon dynamics. Mires and Peat 7: 7. DOI: 10.19189/001c.128415 Chambers F., Booth R.K., De Vleeschouwer F., Lamentowicz M., Le Roux G., Mauquoy D., Nichols J.E., Van Geel B. 2012. Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats. Quaternary International 268: 21–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2011.04.039 Charman D. 2001. Biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental applications of testate amoebae. Quaternary Science Reviews 20(16–17): 1753–1764. DOI: 10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00036-1 Charman D.J., Hendon D., Packman S. 1999. Multiproxy surface wetness records from replicate cores on an ombrotrophic mire: implications for Holocene palaeoclimate records. Journal of Quaternary Science 14(5): 451–463. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(199908)14:5<451::AID-JQS455>3.0.CO;2-N Dyakonov K.N., Novenko E.Y., Mazei N.G., Kusilman M.V. 2020. The age of peatlands and peatland formation stages in Polesie landscapes of the East European Plain. Doklady Earth Sciences 492: 464–470. DOI: 10.1134/S1028334X20060069 Dyakonov K.N., Mazei N.G., Prokushkin A.S., Shatunov A.E., Zazovskaya E.P., Novenko E.Y. 2024. Carbon sequestration in a karst mire of the Mordovian reserve during the late holocene. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta Seriya Geografiya 79(4): 30–43. DOI: 10.55959/MSU0579-9414.5.79.4.3 [In Russian] Ellenberg H., Leuschner C. 2010. Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen. Stuttgart: Ulmer. 1334 p. Finsinger W., Bonnici I. 2022. tapas: An R package to perform trend and peaks analysis. Available from https://github.com/wfinsinger/tapas Gałka M., Szal M., Watson E.J., Gallego-Sala A., Amesbury M.J., Charman D.J., Roland T.P., Turner T.E., Swindles G.T. 2017. Vegetation Succession, Carbon Accumulation and Hydrological Change in Subarctic Peatlands, Abisko, Northern Sweden. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 28(4): 589–604. DOI: 10.1002/ppp.1945 Grimm E.C. 1987. CONISS: A FORTRAN 77 program for stratigraphically constrained cluster analysis by the method of incremental sum of squares. Computers and Geosciences 13(1): 13–35. DOI: 10.1016/0098-3004(87)90022-7 Grishutkin O.G. 2011. The area and territorial distribution of peatlands in the Mordovia State Nature Reserve. Proceedings of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve 9: 280–281. [In Russian] Grishutkin O.G., Vargot E.V., Silaeva T.B., Khapugin A.A., Chugunov G.G. 2013. Plant covering of marshs in Mordovia. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin 8(136): 28–34. [In Russian] Gu X., Tsyganov A.N., Mazei N.G., Babeshko K.V., Chernyshov V.A., Novenko E.Y., Mazei Y.A. 2025. Testate amoebae as paleohydrological indicators in the boreal and subarctic permafrost mires in the western part of the central Siberian Plateau. Quaternary Science Reviews 349: 109108. DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109108 Heiri O., Lotter A.F., Lemcke G. 2001. Loss on ignition as a method for estimating organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and comparability of results. Journal of Paleolimnology 25(1): 101–110. DOI: 10.1023/A:1008119611481 Herzschuh U., Böhmer T., Chevalier M., Hébert R., Dallmeyer A., Li C., Cao X., Peyron O., Nazarova L., Novenko E.Y., Park J., Rudaya N.A., Schlütz F., Shumilovskikh L.S., Tarasov P.E., Wang Y., Wen R., Xu Q., Zheng Z. 2023. Regional pollen-based Holocene temperature and precipitation patterns depart from the Northern Hemisphere mean trends. Climate of the Past 19(7): 1481–1506. DOI: 10.5194/cp-19-1481-2023 Hughes P.D.M., Blundell A., Charman D.J., Bartlett S., Daniell J.R.G., Wojatschke A., Chambers F.M. 2006. An 8500 cal. year multi-proxy climate record from a bog in eastern Newfoundland: contributions of meltwater discharge and solar forcing. Quaternary Science Reviews 25(11–12): 1208–1227. DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.11.001 Janssens J.A. 1983. A quantitative method for stratigraphic analysis of bryophytes in Holocene peat. Journal of Ecology 71(1): 189–196. DOI: 10.2307/2259971 Juggins S. 2025. riojaPlot: Stratigraphic diagrams in R, package version (0.1-24). Available from https://github.com/nsj3/riojaPlot Kats N.Y., Kats S.I., Skobeeva E.I. 1977. Atlas of Plant Residues in Peat. Leningrad: Nedra. 376 p. [In Russian] Kaufman D., McKay N., Routson C., Erb M., Dätwyler C., Sommer P.S., Heiri O., Davis B. 2020. Holocene global mean surface temperature, a multi-method reconstruction approach. Scientific Data 7(1): 201. DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0530-7 Krashevska V., Tsyganov A.N., Esaulov A.S., Mazei Y.A., Hapsari K.A., Saad A., Subiham S., Behling H., Biagioni S. 2020. Testate Amoeba Species- and Trait-Based Transfer Functions for Reconstruction of Hydrological Regime in Tropical Peatland of Central Sumatra, Indonesia. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8: 225. DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00225 Kuhry P. 1997. The palaeoecology of peatlands and peatland processes: new perspectives from fens and bogs. In: J.H. Tallis, R. Meade, P.D. Hulme (Eds.): Peatland Ecosystems and Man: An Impact Assessment. UNESCO. P. 165–171. Kuhry P., Nicholson B.J., Gignac L.D., Vitt D.H., Bayley S.E. 1993. Development of Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in boreal continental Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 71(1): 10–22. DOI: 10.1139/b93-002 Kutluk H., Mazei Y.A. 2018. Organic-walled Fossil Testate Amoebae Records (late Cretaceous–Holocene) from the Neotethyan–Mediterranean Region. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 48(2): 121–141. DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.48.2.121 Lamentowicz Ł., Lamentowicz M., Gąbka M. 2008. Testate amoebae ecology and a local transfer function from a peatland in western Poland. Wetlands 28(1): 164–175. DOI: 10.1672/07-92.1 Lamentowicz M., Lamentowicz Ł., van der Knaap W.O., Gąbka M., Mitchell E.A.D. 2010. Contrasting Species–Environment Relationships in Communities of Testate Amoebae, Bryophytes and Vascular Plants Along the Fen–Bog Gradient. Microbial Ecology 59(3): 499–510. DOI: 10.1007/s00248-009-9617-6 Lukanina E., Shumilovskikh L., Novenko E. 2022. Vegetation and fire history of the East-European forest-steppe over the last 14,800 years: A case study from Zamostye, Kursk region, Russia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 605: 111218. DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111218 Makaske B., Maas G.J. 2023. Different hydrological controls causing variable rates of Holocene peat growth in a lowland valley system, north-eastern Netherlands; implications for valley peatland restoration. Holocene 33(8): 960–974. DOI: 10.1177/09596836231169985 Mazei Y.A., Tsyganov A.N. 2006. Freshwater testate amoebae. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press Ltd. 300 p. [In Russian] Mazei Y.A., Tsyganov A.N., Bubnova O.A. 2007. Structure of a community of testate amoebae in a Sphagnum dominated bog in upper Sura flow (Middle Volga Territory). Biology Bulletin 34(4): 382–394. DOI: 10.1134/S1062359007040115 Mazei Y.A., Tsyganov A.N., Ershova E.G., Mazei N.G., Pimenov V.E., Kotlyarova E.V., Kuzmenkova N.V., Paramonov M.S., Chulei A.D., Makarova A.D., Zhirov I.A., Tsaregorodtseva A.A., Zhuravleva M.V., Kitashov A.V., Ding P., Kalmykov S.N. 2023. Multi-proxy paleoecological reconstruction of peatland initiation, development and restoration in an urban area (Moscow, Russia). Diversity 15(3): 448. DOI: 10.3390/d15030448 Mazei Y.A., Tsyganov A.N., Bobrovsky M.V., Mazei N.G., Kupriyanov D.G., Gałka M, Rostanets D.V., Khazanova K.I., Stoiko T.G., Pastukhova Y.A., Fatynina Y.A., Komarov A.A., Babeshko K.V., Makarova A.D., Saldaev D.A., Zazovskaya E.P., Dobrovolskaya M.V., Tiunov A.V. 2020. Peatland development, vegetation history, climate change and human activity in the Valdai Uplands (Central European Russia) during the Holocene: a multi-proxy palaeoecological study. Diversity 12(12): 462. DOI: 10.3390/d12120462 Mauquoy D., Van Geel B. 2013. Plant macrofossil methods and studies: mire and peat macros. In: S.A. Elias (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Amsterdam: Elsevier. P. 637–656. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53643-3.00206-5 Milkov F.N., Gvozdetsky N.A. 1986. Physical geography of the USSR: General overview. European part of USSR, Caucasus. Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola. 376 p. [In Russian] Minayeva T.Y., Sirin A.A. 2012. Peatland biodiversity and climate change. Biology Bulletin Reviews 2(2): 164–175. DOI: 10.1134/S207908641202003X Mitchell E.A.D., Buttler A., Grosvernier P., Rydin H., Albinsson C., Greenup A.L., Heijmans M.M.P.D., Hoosbeek M.R., Saarinen T. 2000. Relationships among testate amoebae (Protozoa), vegetation and water chemistry in five Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in Europe. New Phytologist 145(1): 95–106. DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00550.x Mitchell E.A.D., Charman D.J., Warner B.G. 2008. Testate amoebae analysis in ecological and paleoecological studies of wetlands: past, present and future. Biodiversity and Conservation 17(9): 2115–2137. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-007-9221-3 Mitchell E.A.D., Payne R.J., van der Knaap W.O., Lamentowicz Ł., Gąbka M., Lamentowicz M. 2013. The performance of single- and multi-proxy transfer functions (testate amoebae, bryophytes, vascular plants) for reconstructing mire surface wetness and pH. Quaternary Research 79(1): 6–13. DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2012.08.004 Mooney S.D., Tinner W. 2011. The analysis of charcoal in peat and organic sediments. Mires and Peat 7: 09. DOI: 10.19189/001c.128417 Novenko E. 2021. Landscape and climate dynamics in Central and Eastern Europe during the Holocene – assessment of future environmental changes. Geomorfologiya 52(3): 24–47. DOI: 10.31857/S0435428121030093 [In Russian] Novenko E.Y., Tsyganov A.N., Volkova E.M., Babeshko K.V., Lavrentiev N.V., Payne R.J., Mazei Yu.A. 2015. The Holocene paleoenvironmental history of central European Russia reconstructed from pollen, plant macrofossil, and testate amoeba analyses of the Klukva Peatland, Tula Region. Quaternary Research 83(3): 459–468. DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2015.03.006 Novenko E.Y., Tsyganov A.N., Pisarchuk N.M., Volkova E.M., Babeshko K.V., Kozlov D.N., Shilov P.M., Payne R., Mazei Y.A., Olchev A.V. 2018a. Forest history, peatland development and mid- to late Holocene environmental change in the southern taiga forest of central European Russia. Quaternary Research 89(1): 223–236. DOI: 10.1017/qua.2017.91 Novenko E.Yu., Tsyganov A.N. Payne R.J., Mazei N.G., Volkova E.M., Chernyshov V.A., Kupriyanov D.A., Mazei Yu.A. 2018b. Vegetation dynamics and fire history at the southern boundary of the forest vegetation zone in European Russia during the middle and late Holocene. Holocene 28(2): 308–322. DOI: 10.1177/0959683617721331 Novenko E.Y., Mazei N.G., Kupriyanov D.A., Volkova E.M., Tsyganov A.N. 2018c Holocene Dynamics of Vegetation and Ecological Conditions in the Center of the East European Plain. Russian Journal of Ecology 49(3): 218–225. DOI: 10.1134/S1067413618030062 Novenko E.Yu., Mazei N.G., Kupryanov D.A., Kusilman M.V., Olchev A.V. 2021. Peatland initiation in Central European Russia during the Holocene: Effect of climate conditions and fires. Holocene 31(4): 545–555. DOI: 10.1177/0959683620981709 Novenko E.Y., Prokushkin A.S., Mazei N.G., Zazovskaya E.P., Kupriyanov D.A., Shatunov A.E., Andreev R.A., Makarova E.A., Kusilman M.V., Serikov S.I., Gu X., Babeshko K.V., Tsyganov A.N., Mazei Y.A. 2024. The mid- and late Holocene palsa palaeoecology and hydroclimatic changes in Yenisei Siberia revealed by a high-resolution peat archive. Quaternary International 682: 8–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.01.013 Okruszko T., Duel H., Acreman M., Grygoruk M., Flörke M., Schneider C. 2011. Broad-scale ecosystem services of European wetlands – overview of the current situation and future perspectives under different climate and water management scenarios. Hydrological Sciences Journal 56(8): 1501–1517. DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2011.631188 Opravilová V., Hájek M. 2006. The Variation of Testacean Assemblages (Rhizopoda) Along the Complete Base-Richness Gradient in Fens: A Case Study from the Western Carpathians. Acta Protozoologica 45: 191–204. PAGES 2k Consortium. 2019. Consistent multidecadal variability in global temperature reconstructions and simulations over the Common Era. Nature Geoscience 12(8): 643–649. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-019-0400-0 Patel N., Ieviņa B., Kažmēre D., Feofilovs M., Kamenders A., Romagnoli F. 2025. Towards resilient peatlands: integrating ecosystem-based strategies, policy frameworks, and management approaches for sustainable transformation. Sustainability 17(8): 3419. DOI: 10.3390/su17083419 Payne R.J. 2011. Can testate amoeba-based palaeohydrology be extended to fens?. Journal of Quaternary Science 26(1): 15–27. DOI: 10.1002/jqs.1412 Payne R.J., Blackford J.J. 2008. Peat humification and climate change: a multi-site comparison from mires in south-east Alaska. Mires and Peat 3: 09. DOI: 10.19189/001c.128261 Payne R.J., Babeshko K.V., van Bellen S., Blackford J.J., Booth R.K., Charman D.J., Ellershaw M.R., Gilbert D., Hughes P.D.M., Jassey V.E.J., Lamentowicz Ł., Lamentowicz M., Malysheva E.A., Mauquoy D., Mazei Y.A., Mitchell E.A.D., Swindles G.T., Tsyganov A.N., Turner T.E., Telford R.J. 2016. Significance testing testate amoeba water table reconstructions. Quaternary Science Reviews 138: 131–135. DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.030 R Core Team. 2023. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available from https://www.R-project.org Qin Y., Li H., Mazei Y.A., Kurina I., Swindles G.T., Bobrov A.A., Tsyganov A.N., Gu Y., Huang X., Xue J., Lamentowicz M., Marcisz K., Roland T., Payne R.J., Mitchell E.A.D., Xie S. 2021. Developing a continental-scale testate amoeba hydrological transfer function for Asian peatlands. Quaternary Science Reviews 258: 106868. DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106868 Reimer P.J., Baillie M.G.L., Bard E., Bayliss A., Blackwell P.G., Ramsey C.B., Butzin M., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Friedrich M., Grootes P.M., Guilderson T., Hajdas I., Heaton T.J., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kromer B., Manning S.W., Muscheler R., Palmer J.G., Pearson C., Plicht J., Reimer R.W., Richards D.A., Scott E.M., Southon J.R., Turney C.S.M., Wacker L., Adolphi F., Büntgen U. et al. 2020. The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP). Radiocarbon 62(4): 725–757. DOI: 10.1017/RDC.2020.41 Rydin H., Jeglum J.K. 2013. The biology of peatlands. New York: Oxford University Press. 381 p. Saldaeva N.M., Babeshko K.V., Chernyshov V.A., Esaulov A.S., Komarov A.A., Kriuchkov N.R., Mazei N.G., Saldaev D.A., Stojko T.G., Tsyganov A.N., Mazei Yu.A. 2024. Biodiversity of testate amoebae in Sphagnum bogs: the dataset from forest-steppe ecotone (Middle Volga Territory, Russia). Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e125582. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e125582 Šímová A., Jiroušek M., Singh P., Hájková P., Hájek M. 2022. Ecology of testate amoebae along an environmental gradient from bogs to calcareous fens in East-Central Europe: development of transfer functions for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 601: 111145. DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111145 Su J., Mazei Y.A., Tsyganov A.N., Mazei N.G., Chernyshov V.A., Komarov A.A., Babeshko K.V., Mitchell E.A.D., Shimano S., Krasilnikov P.V., Saldaev D.A., Yakimov B. 2025. Ecoregional patterns of protist communities in mineral and organic soils: assembly processes, functional traits and diversity of testate amoebae in Northern Eurasia. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 208: 109841. DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109841 Tarnócai C., Canadell J., Schuur E., Kuhry P., Mazhitova G., Zimov S. 2009. Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 23(2): GB2023. DOI: 10.1029/2008GB003327 Tichý L., Axmanová I., Dengler J., Guarino R., Jansen F., Midolo G., Nobis M.P., Van Meerbeek K., Aćić S., Attorre F., Bergmeier E., Biurrun I., Bonari G., Bruelheide H., Campos J.A., Čarni A., Chiarucci A., Ćuk M., Ćušterevska R., Didukh Y., Dítě D., Dítě Z., Dziuba T., Fanelli G., Fernández‐Pascual E., Garbolino E., Gavilán R.G., Gégout J., Graf U., Güler B., Hájek M., Hennekens S.M., Jandt U., Jašková A., Jiménez‐Alfaro B., Julve P., Kambach S., Karger D.N., Karrer G., Kavgacı A., Knollová I., Kuzemko A., Küzmič F., Landucci F., Lengyel A., Lenoir J., Marcenò C., Moeslund J.E., Novák P., Pérez‐Haase A., Peterka T., Pielech R., Pignatti A., Rašomavičius V., Rūsiņa S., Saatkamp A., Šilc U., Škvorc Ž., Theurillat J., Wohlgemuth T., Chytrý M. 2023. Ellenberg-type indicator values for European vascular plant species. Journal of Vegetation Science 34(1): e13168. DOI: 10.1111/jvs.13168 Tsyganov A.N., Babeshko K.V., Mazei Y.A. 2016. A guide to testate amoebae with the keys to genera. Penza: Penza State University. 132 p. Tsyganov A.N., Babeshko K.V., Novenko E.Y., Malysheva E.A., Payne R.J., Mazei Y.A. 2017. Quantitative reconstruction of peatland hydrological regime with fossil testate amoebae communities. Russian Journal of Ecology 48(2): 191–198. DOI: 10.1134/S1067413617020084 Tsyganov A.N., Kupriyanov D.A., Babeshko K.V., Borisova T.V., Chernyshov V.A., Volkova E.M., Chekova D.A., Mazei Y.A., Novenko E.Y. 2018. Autogenic and allogenic factors affecting development of a floating Sphagnum-dominated peat mat in a karst pond basin. Holocene 29(1): 120–129. DOI: 10.1177/0959683618804631 Tsyganov A.N., Malysheva E.A., Zharov A.A., Sapelko T.V., Mazei Y.A. 2019. Distribution of benthic testate amoeba assemblages along a water depth gradient in freshwater lakes of the Meshchera Lowlands, Russia, and utility of the microfossils for inferring past lake water level. Journal of Paleolimnology 62(2): 137–150. DOI: 10.1007/s10933-019-00080-6 Tsyganov A.N., Chertoprud E.S., Mazei N.G., Esaulov A.S., Sadchikov I.P., Mazei Y.A. 2023. The effects of vegetation and the environment on testate amoeba assemblages in Sphagnum peatlands in the Northern Caucasus Mountains. Diversity 15(2): 258. DOI: 10.3390/d15020258 Väliranta M., Korhola A., Seppä H., Tuittila E.S., Sarmaja-Korjonen K., Laine J., Alm J. 2007. High-resolution reconstruction of wetness dynamics in a southern boreal raised bog, Finland, during the late Holocene: a quantitative approach. Holocene 17(8): 1093–1107. DOI: 10.1177/0959683607082550 Väliranta M., Blundell A., Charman D.J., Karofeld E., Korhola A., Sillasoo Ü., Tuittila E.S. 2012. Reconstructing peatland water tables using transfer functions for plant macrofossils and testate amoebae: a methodological comparison. Quaternary International 268: 34–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.024 Waddington J.M., Morris P.J., Kettridge N., Granath G., Thompson D., Moore P. 2015. Hydrological feedbacks in northern peatlands. Ecohydrology 8(1): 113–127. DOI: 10.1002/eco.1493 Yavitt J.B., Kryczka A.K., Huber M.E., Pipes G.T., Rodriguez A.M. 2019. Inferring methane production by decomposing tree, shrub, and grass leaf litter in bog and rich fen peatlands. Frontiers in Environmental Science 7: 182. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2019.00182 Yeloff D., Mauquoy D. 2006. The influence of vegetation composition on peat humification: implications for palaeoclimatic studies. Boreas 35(4): 662–673. DOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2006.tb01172.x Zaccone C., Plaza C., Ciavatta C., Miano T., Shotyk W. 2018. Advances in the determination of humification degree in peat since Achard (1786): Applications in geochemical and paleoenvironmental studies. Earth-Science Reviews 185: 163–178. DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.05.017 |