Статья

Паула Д.Ф. Котинью, магистр, аспирант программы по биологии животных отделения зоологии Лаборатории экологии, поведения и охраны Центра биологических наук Федерального университета Пернамбуку (Проспект Профессора Мораеса Рего, 1235 Университетский городок, 50670-420, г. Ресифи, штат Пернамбуку, Бразилия); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0757-8556; e-mail: paula.djanira@ufpe.br
Ана Л.Л. Матте, магистр, аспирант программы по биологии животных отделения зоологии Лаборатории экологии, поведения и охраны Центра биологических наук Федерального университета Пернамбуку (Проспект Профессора Мораеса Рего, 1235 Университетский городок, 50670-420, г. Ресифи, штат Пернамбуку, Бразилия); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2513-4171; e-mail: analuiza.matte@ufpe.br
Бруна Безерра, PhD, с.н.с. и лектор программы по биологии животных отделения зоологии Лаборатории экологии, поведения и охраны Центра биологических наук Федерального университета Пернамбуку (Проспект Профессора Мораеса Рего, 1235 Университетский городок, 50670-420, г. Ресифи, штат Пернамбуку, Бразилия); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-121X; e-mail: bruna.bezerra@ufpe.br

Coutinho P.D.F., Matte A.L.L., Bezerra B. 2023. Manatee watching is widespread and seasonally affected in Northeast Brazil: a case of the Endangered Trichechus manatus manatus (Sirenia: Trichechidae) // Nature Conservation Research. Vol. 8(4). P. 61–75. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2023.031

Electronic Supplement 1. Municipalities reported in social network posts depicting Antillean manatees and manatee-watching in northern and north-eastern Brazil from April 2013 to August 2022 (Ссылка)

Electronic Supplement 2. Specific localities reported in social network posts depicting Antillean manatees and manatee-watching in northern and north-eastern Brazil from April 2013 to August 2022 (Ссылка)

Electronic Supplement 3. Characteristics of the manatee-watching hotspots municipalities (Ссылка)

Наблюдение за морскими млекопитающими является рациональным туристическим подходом, ориентированным на дикую природу. Trichechus manatus manatus (далее – ламантин) являются примером харизматических видов морской мегафауны, являясь объектом наблюдений во многих пунктах, где вид встречается. В данной работе были изучены наблюдения за ламантинами в Бразилии, сосредоточив внимание на картографировании наблюдений в стране, выявлении горячих точек, анализе потенциальной сезонности этой практики и оценке взаимодействия между людьми и ламантинами. В качестве источника данных мы использовали одну из широко используемых социальных сетей, поскольку этот вид часто появляется в ее постах. Ламантин харизматичен и обладает характеристиками, которые привлекают публичное внимание, такими как большой размер тела, нежное поведение и привлекательный внешний вид. Наблюдения за ламантинами были отмечены в 91 локалитете, расположенном в 19 муниципалитетах и девяти штатах севера и северо-востока Бразилии. Шесть локалитетов были приняты за горячие точки наблюдений за ламантинами из-за большого количества связанных с ними изображений. Пять горячих точек были расположены на трех особо охраняемых природных территориях для устойчивого использования. Было отмечено до 23 человек на одной фотографии, связанной с ламантином, размещенной в социальной сети; но в большинстве постов (фото и видео) фигурировало до пяти человек. Кроме того, изображения значимо чаще публиковались в летние месяцы, что указывает на сезонность наблюдений за ламантинами. Собранные наблюдения за ламантинами были классифицированы как запрещенные или разрешенные законодательством Бразилии. Разрешенные взаимодействия происходили значимо чаще, но возникновение запрещенных взаимодействий свидетельствует о текущем несоблюдении природоохранных законов Бразилии. Мы предлагаем, чтобы в стратегиях управления туризмом приоритет отдавался наблюдению за ламантинами в горячих точках, уделяя особое внимание усилению соблюдения местного законодательства и предпочтительному привлечению местных жителей для обеспечения устойчивости этой практики в Бразилии.

взаимодействие человека и дикой природы, дикая природа, поведение в путешествии, сирены, устойчивое развитие туризма, экотуризм

Поступила: 04.06.2023. Исправлена: 20.09.2023. Принята к опубликованию: 08.10.2023.

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