| Аннотация |
Изучение горных не затронутых цивилизацией водоемов позволяет выявить фоновое состояние состава, структуры и распределения гидробионтов. Ледниково-мореное озеро Шебеты (бассейн озера Байкал, Россия) может служить модельным объектом для изучения гидрологических моделей, биологического разнообразия и адаптивных механизмов сообществ гидробионтов. Целью настоящей работы является выявление наиболее важных переменных факторов среды, регулирующих состав и структуру фито- и зоопланктона в различных зонах озера Шебеты. Озеро Шебеты – горный ледниково-моренный водоем, расположенный на высоте 1567.4 м н.у.м., в Хентей-Даурском нагорье, на территории Национального парка «Чикой» (Забайкальский край). В работе обобщены первые лимнологические исследования озера. По результатам обследований впервые составлена батиметрическая карта озера, определен химический состав озерных вод, изучены основные компоненты гидробиоценоза – фито- и зоопланктон. По содержанию органического вещества озеро относится к олиготрофным, по степени минерализации – к ультрапресным с высоким содержанием растворенного кислорода. Основную долю площади озера Шебеты составляют глубоководные участки, мелководные – занимают ограниченную площадь вдоль береговой линии. Выявлены факторы среды, определяющие распределение и развитие планктонных сообществ в глубоководном горном озере в условиях экстремального континентального климата. Всего в составе фитопланктона зарегистрировано 35 видов водорослей из семи отделов: Cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyta, Cryptophyta, Chrysophyta, Dinophyta, Chlorophyta и Charophyta. В зоопланктоне отмечено 35 видов, относящихся к трем систематическим группам: Rotifera, Cladocera и Copepoda. Наибольшее видовое разнообразие наблюдалось среди диатомовых водорослей и ветвистоусых ракообразных. Расширена география распространения некоторых видов коловраток и ракообразных. К редко встречающимся видам для водоемов Забайкальского края отнесены Euchlanis alata, Acantocyclops capillatus, Cyclops abyssorum. Планктонные сообщества литорали качественно и количественно богаче, по сравнению с сообществами пелагиали. Согласно статистическому анализу (CCorA), в литоральной зоне озера численность и биомасса Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Dinophyta, Rotifera, Cladocera и Copepoda определялись факторами (по убыванию факторной нагрузки): глубина, содержание фосфора, температура воды и pH; в пелагиали – pH, цветность, мутность и содержание азота определялись количественные показатели Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta и Copepoda. В литорали численность Crucigeniella irregularis, Kellicottia longispina и Conochilus unicornis зависела от содержания фосфатов. В глубоководной зоне численность таких видов фитопланктона, как Kephyrion doliolum, Cryptomonas ovata, Crucigenia tetrapedia, Peridinium sp. и зоопланктона, как Arctodiaptomus neithammeri и Cyclops abyssorum определялась химическим потреблением кислорода, содержанием общего фосфора, глубиной и температурой воды. |
| Список цитируемой литературы |
Afonina E.Yu. 2013. Review of rotifers (Rotifera) and crustaceans (Cladocera, Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida) diversity in streams and lakes of the Upper Amur River Basin. Amurian Zoological Journal 5(3): 248–255. [In Russian]
Afonina E.Yu., Itigilova M.Ts. 2015. Dynamics of zooplankton in the saline lakes of the South-Eastern Zabaikalia in the different climatic periods. Bulletin of Buryat State University 4: 104–115. [In Russian]
Afonina E.Yu., Itigilova M.Ts. 2018. Composition and structure of zooplankton in saline lakes of the Onon-Torey plain (the Trans-Baikal region). Fauna of the Urals and Siberia 1: 28–45. DOI: 10.24411/2411-0051-2018-10103 [In Russian]
Afonina E.Yu., Tashlykova N.A. 2017. Littoral and pelagic plankton communities of high mountain Lake Shebety. Education and Science 1: 128–135. [In Russian]
Alekin O.A., Semonov A.D., Skopintsev B.A. 1973. Manual on chemical analysis of land waters. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat. 269 p. [In Russian]
Andersen T., Hessen D.O. 1991. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content of freshwater zooplankton. Limnology and Oceanography 36(4): 807–814. DOI: 10.4319/lo.1991.36.4.0807
Andronikova I.N. 1996. Structural and functional organization of zooplankton of lacustrine ecosystems of different trophic types. St. Petersburg: Nauka. 189 p. [In Russian]
Antonov A.L. 2009. Morphoecological traits of the blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis Mori, 1930 from Bukukunskoe Lake (Onon River basin). The Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series «Biology. Ecology» 2(1): 62–65. [In Russian]
Antonov A.L. 2017. On the diversity of fishes in mountain lakes of the Amur basin. Journal of Ichthyology 57(6): 860–869. DOI: 10.1134/S0032945217060017
Aygen C., Özdemir Mis D., Ustaoğlu M.R., Balik S. 2009. Zooplankton composition and abundance in Lake Eǧrigöl, a high mountain lake (Gündoǧmuş, Antalya). Turkish Journal of Zoology 33(1): 83–88. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-0805-11
Barinova S.S., Medvedeva L.A., Anisimova O.V. 2006. Biodiversity of environmental indicator algae. Tel Aviv: Pilies Studio. 498 p. [In Russian]
Bondarenko N.A. 2009. Ecology and taxonomic diversity of planktonic algae in the lakes of the mountainous areas of Eastern Siberia. PhD Thesis Abstract. Borok. 46 p. [In Russian]
Bondarenko N.A., Schur L.A. 2008. Cryptophyta in East-Siberian water bodies (Russia). Algologia 18(4): 408–422. [In Russian]
Bondarenko N.A., Shevelova N.G., Domysheva V.M. 2002. Structure of plankton communities in Ilchir, an alpine lake in Eastern Siberia. Limnology 3(2): 127–133. DOI: 10.1007/s102010200015
Bondarenko N., Sheveleva N., Rozhkova N., Matveev A., Samusenok V., Vokin A., Yuriev A. 2017. Remote mountain lakes of Eastern Siberia: a pattern of ecologically pure non-industrialised water-bodies. Environmental Earth Sciences 76(10): 378. DOI: 10.1007/s12665-017-6708-4
Borutskiy E.V., Stepanova L.A., Kos M.S. 1991. Freshwater Calanoida of the USSR: An Identification Guide. St. Petersburg: Nauka. 504 p. [In Russian]
Burmistrova O.S., Ermolaeva N.I. 2013. Zooplankton in high-mountain lakes of Altai. Inland Water Biology 6(3): 194–202. DOI: 10.1134/S1995082913030036
Catalan J., Camarero L., Felip M., Pla S., Ventura M., Buchaca T., Bartumeus F., de Mendoza G., Mirу A., Casamayor E.O., Medina-Sбnchez J.M.M., Bacardit M., Altuna M., Bartrons M., de Quijano D.D. 2006. High mountain lakes: Extreme habitats and witnesses of environmental changes. Limnetica 25(1–2): 551–584.
Dalgaard P. 2008. Introductory Statistics with R. Springer: New York. 364 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79054-1
Denisov D.B. 2010. Algae communities' ecological peculiarities in polytypic subarctic water objects. Bulletin of Kola Science Centre of RAS 1: 48–56. [In Russian]
Diaz M., Pedrozoa F., Reynolds C., Temporettia P. 2007. Chemical composition and the nitrogen-regulated trophic state of Patagonian lakes. Limnologica 37(1): 17–27. DOI: 10.1016/j.limno.2006.08.006
Dubovskaya O.P., Kotov A.A., Korovchinsky N.M., Smirnov N.N., Sinev A.Yu. 2010. Zooplankton of lakes in the spurs of the Putorana Plateau and adjacent territories (north of Krasnoyarsk Krai). Contemporary Problems of Ecology 3(4): 401–434. DOI: 10.1134/S1995425510040065
Enikeev F.I., Staryshko V.E. 2009. Glacial morphogenesis and placer formations of Eastern Transbaikalia. Chita: Chita State University. 370 p. [In Russian]
Ferrara O., Vagaggini D., Margaritora F.G. 2002. Zooplankton abundance and diversity in Lake Bracciano, Latium, Italy. Journal of Limnology 61(2): 169–175. DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.2002.169
Ferrari I. 1976. Winter limnology of a mountain lake: Lago Santo Parmense (Northern Appennines, Italy). Hydrobiologia 51(3): 245–257. DOI: 10.1007/BF00005751
Flanagan K.M., McCauley E., Wrona F., Prowse T. 2003. Climate change: the potential for latitudinal effects on algal biomass in aquatic ecosystems. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60(6): 635–639. DOI: 10.1139/f03-062
Fott J., Blaћo M., Ctuchlнk E., Struneskẏ O. 1999. Phytoplankton in three Tatra Mountain lakes of different acidification status. Journal of Limnology 58(2): 107–116. DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.1999.107
Gardner E.M., McKnight D.M., Lewis Jr.W.M., Miller M.P. 2008. Effects of nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton in an alpine lake, Colorado, U.S.A. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 40(1): 55–64. DOI: 10.1657/1523-0430(07-002)[GARDNER]2.0.CO;2
Gessner M.A., Schieferstein B., Mьller U., Barkmann S., Lenfers U.A. 1996. A partial budget of primary organic carbon flows in the littoral zone of a hardwater lake. Aquatic Botany 55(2): 93–105. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3770(96)01064-9
Gillooly J.F., Dodson S.I. 2000. Latitudinal patterns in the size distribution and seasonal dynamics of new world, freshwater cladocerans. Limnology and Oceanography 45(1): 22–30. DOI: 10.4319/lo.2000.45.1.0022
Gliwicz Z.M., Rowan M.G. 1984. Survival of Cyclops abyssorum tatricus (Copepoda, Crustacea) in alpine lakes stocked with planktivorous fish. Limnology and Oceanography 29(6): 1290–1299. DOI: 10.4319/lo.1984.29.6.1290
Gorlacheva E.P. 2019. Nutrition of black baikal grayling (Thymallus baikalensis) in Lake Shebety (Transbaikal territory). International Research Journal 1(79/1): 115–119. DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2019.79.1.021 [In Russian]
Guiry M.D., Guiry G.M. 2020. Algaebase. World-wide electronic publication. National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from http://www. algaebase.org/
Ichige K., Barkalov A.V. 2017. A review of the Old World species of the genus Blera Billberg, 1820 (Diptera, Syrphidae), with descriptions of two new species and a subspecies. Euroasian Entomological Journal 16(5): 419–431. DOI: 10.15298/euroasentj.16.5.04
Ivanova E.A., Anishchenko O.V., Glushchenko L.A., Gaevsky N.A., Kolmakov V.I. 2014. Contribution of different groups of autotrophs to the primary production of the mountain Lake Oiskoe. Contemporary Problems of Ecology 7(4): 397–409. DOI: 10.1134/S1995425514040040
Ivanova M.B., Kazantseva T.I. 2006. Effect of water pH and total dissolved solids on the species diversity of pelagic zooplankton in lakes: a statistical analysis. Russian Journal of Ecology 37(4): 264–270. DOI: 10.1134/S1067413606040084
Kiselev I.A. 1969. Plankton of the seas and continental waters. Vol. 1. Leningrad: Nauka. 658 p. [In Russian]
Kononova O.N., Dubovskaya O.P., Fefilova E.B. 2014. Zooplankton and dead zooplankton in Kharbeyskie lakes of Bolshezemelskaya Tundra (period from 2009 to 2012). Journal of Siberian Federal University. Biology 3(7): 303–327 [In Russian]
Kopáček J., Procházkova L., Stuchlík E., Blažka P. 1995. The nitrogen phosphorus relationship in mountain lakes: Influence of atmospheric input, watershed, and pH. Limnology and Oceanography 40(5): 930–937. DOI: 10.4319/lo.1995.40.5.0930
Kuklin A.P. 2013. Macroalgae in the Bukukun River basin. Notes of the Transbaikal Branch of the Russian Geographical Society 132: 68–75. [In Russian]
Kuklin A.P., Enikeev F.I. 2017. Aegagropila linnaei in lakes and Arahley Arey (Eastern Transbaikalia). European Journal of Natural History 3: 19–20.
Kutikova L.A. 1970. Rotifer fauna of the USSR (Rotatoria). Leningrad: Nauka. 744 p. [In Russian]
Maeda O., Ichimura S.E. 1973. On the high density of a phytoplankton population found in a lake under ice. Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 58(5): 673–685. DOI: 10.1002/iroh.19730580507
Makarchenko E.A., Makarchenko M.A. 2010. Hydrobaenus tiunovi sp.n. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) from Sokhondinsky State Biosphere Reserve (Zabaikal'sky Territory, Russia). Euroasian Entomological Journal 9(3): 411–412.
Manca M., Comoli P. 1999. Studies on zooplankton of Lago Paione Superiore. Journal of Limnology 58(2): 131–135. DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.1999.131
Marchetto A. 1998. The study of high mountain lakes in the activity of the Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia. Journal of Limnology 57(1): 1–10.
Matafonov P.V., Andrievskaya E.A. 2017. The results of the first researches of zoobenthos in Lake Shebety (Transbaikalia). Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University. Series Biological Sciences 12(1): 142–147.
Matveev A.N., Samusenok V.P., Yuriev A.L., Andreev R.S., Pomazkova G.I., Bondarenko N.A., Rozhkova N.A., Slugina Z.V. 2010. Hydrobiological characteristics of Verhnekicherskye lakes (Baikal Lake basin). The Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series «Biology. Ecology» 3(2): 36–53. [In Russian]
Mitamura O., Seike Y., Kondo K., Goto N., Anbutsu K., Akatsuka T., Kihira M., Qung T., Nishimura T.M. 2003. First investigation of ultraoligotrophic alpine Lake Puma Yumco in the pre-Himalayas, China. Limnology 4(3): 167–175. DOI: 10.1007/s10201-003-0101-6
Moore J.W. 1981. Influence of temperature, photoperiod and trophic conditions on the seasonal cycles of phytoplankton and zooplankton in two deep subarctic lakes of Northern Canada. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 66(5): 745–770. DOI: 10.1002/iroh.19810660512
Morris D.P., Lewis W.M. 1988. Phytoplankton nutrient limitation in Colorado mountain lakes. Freshwater Biology 20(3): 315–327. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2427.1988.tb00457.x
O'Brien W.J., Barfield M., Bettez N.D., Gettel G.M., Hershey A.E. 2004. Physical, chemical, and biotic effects on arctic zooplankton communities and diversity. Limnology and Oceanography 49(4 II): 1250–1261.
Pinel-Alloul B., Guay C., Angeli N., Legendre P., Dutilleul P., Balvay G., Gerdeaux D., Guillard J. 1999. Large-scale spatial heterogeneity of macrozooplankton in Lake of Geneva. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56(8): 1437–1450. DOI: 10.1139/f99-055
Pleshanov A.S. (Ed.). 2009. Biota of water bodies of the Baikal Rift Zone. Irkutsk: Irkutsk State University. 231 p. [In Russian]
Pugnetti A., Bettinetti R. 1999. Biomass and species structure of the phytoplankton of an high mountain lake (Lake Paione Superiore, Central Alps, Italy). Journal of Limnology 58(2): 127–130. DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.1999.127
Reynolds C.S. 1984. The ecology of freshwater phytoplankton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 384 p.
Rivyer I.K. 2012. Cold-water zooplankton of lakes in the Upper Volga basin. Izhevsk: Izdatelstvo Permyakova. 390 p. [In Russian]
Rott E. 1988. Some aspects of the seasonal distribution of flagellates in mountain lakes. Hydrobiologia 161(1): 159–170. DOI: 10.1007/BF00044108
Rumyantsev V.A. 2012. Lake Ladoga: environmental problems, causes, solutions. Regional Ecology 1–2(33): 7–13. [In Russian]
Sadchikov A.P. 2003. The study methods of freshwater phytoplankton. Moscow: Universitet I Shkola. 157 p. [In Russian]
Salmaso N., Naselli-Flores L. 1999. Studies on the zooplankton of the deep subalpine Lake Garda. Journal of Limnology 58(1): 66–76. DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.1999.66
Sargent J.R., Falk-Petersen S. 1988. The lipid biochemistry of calanoid copepods. Hydrobiologia 167–168(1): 101–114. DOI: 10.1007/BF00026297
Semenchenko K.A., Matafonov D.V. 2014. New data on the water mite fauna (Acari, Hydrachnidia) of the Baikal region. Vladimir Ya. Levanidov's Biennial Memorial Meetings 6: 600–610. [In Russian]
Schindler D.W. 1978. Factors regulating phytoplankton production and standing crop in the world's freshwaters. Limnology and Oceanography 23(3): 478–486. DOI: 10.4319/lo.1978.23.3.0478
Shaburova N.I., Makarkina N.V., Buyantuev V.A., Penkova O.G., Sheveleva N.G. 2002. Crustacean biodiversity in water bodies of the south of Eastern Siberia. In: Inland water biology: problems of ecology and biodiversity. Borok: Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of RAS. P. 107. [In Russian]
Skála I. 2015. Zooplankton community composition of high mountain lakes in the Tatra Mts., the Alps in North Tyrol, and Scotland: relationship to pH, depth, organic carbon, and chlorophyll-a concentration. Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 64(2): 175–189. DOI: 10.1515/cszma-2015-0025
Smirnov N.N. 1971. Chydoridae fauna of the world. Leningrad: Nauka. 531 p. [In Russian]
Sommaruga R. 2001. The role of solar UV radiation in the ecology of alpine lakes. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 62(1–2): 35–42. DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00154-3
Sommaruga R., Psenner R., Schafferer E., Koinig K.A., Sommaruga-Wögrath S. 1999. Dissolved organic carbon concentration and phytoplankton biomass in high-mountain lakes of the Austrian Alps: Potential effect of climatic warming on UV underwater attenuation. Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research 31(3): 247–254. DOI: 10.1080/15230430.1999.12003305
Sommer U. 1986. The periodicity of phytoplankton in Lake Constance (Bodensee) in comparison to other deep lakes of central Europe. Hydrobiologia 138(1): 1–7. DOI: 10.1007/BF00027228
Sommer U., Gliwicz Z.M., Lampert W., Duncan A. 1986. The PEG-model of seasonal succession of planktonic events in fresh waters. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 106: 433–471.
Taş B. 2016. Phytoplankton community and ecological state of a high-mountain lake within an Important Natural Area (Eastern Black Sea, Turkey). Fundamental and Applied Limnology 189(1): 51–61. DOI: 10.1127/fal/2016/0966
Tashlykova N.A. 2009. Ecological features of the phytoplankton development in the Selenga River delta channels and Cherkalov Bay: Baikal Lake. PhD Thesis. Ulan-Ude. 206 p. [In Russian]
Timoshkin O.A. (Ed.). 2009. Index of animal species inhabiting Lake baikal and its catchment area. Novosibirsk: Nauka. Vol. 2, book 1. 980 p. Vol. 2, book 2. 1668 p. [In Russian]
Tolotti M. 2001. Phytoplankton and littoral epilithic diatoms in high mountain lakes of the Adamello-Brenta Regional Park (Trentino, Italy) and their relation to trophic status and acidification risk. Journal of Limnology 60(2): 171–188. DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.2001.1.171
Tolotti M., Thies H., Cantonati M., Hansen C.M.E., Thaler B. 2003. Flagellate algae (Chrysophyceae, Dinophyceae, Cryptophyceae) in 48 high mountain lakes of the Northern and Southern slope of the Eastern Alps: biodiversity, taxa distribution and their driving variables. Hydrobiologia 502(1–3): 331–348. DOI: 10.1023/B:HYDR.0000004291.03882.f7
Trifonova I.S. 1990. Ecology and succession of lake phytoplankton. Leningrad: Nauka. 182 p. [In Russian]
Tsalolikhin S.Ya. (Ed.). 1995. Identification Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates of Russia and Adjacent Territories. Vol. 2: Crustaceans. St. Petersburg: Nauka. 632 p. [In Russian]
Tsybekmitova G.T., Eremeeva M.I., Gorlacheva E.P., Afonin A.V., Mikheev I.E., Tashlykova N.A., Afonina E.Y., Ivanov S.S., Butenko M.N. 2016. Integrated research of lake Shebet. Modern problems of science and education 6: 531. [In Russian]
Udovič M.G., Cvetkoska A., Žutinić P., Bosak S., Stanković I., Špoljarić I., Mršić G., Borojević K.K., Ćukurin A., Plenković-Moraj A. 2017. Defining centric diatoms of most relevant phytoplankton functional groups in deep karst lakes. Hydrobiologia 788(1): 169–191. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-016-2996-z
Vanderploeg H.A., Gardner W.S., Parrish C.C., Liebig J.R., Cavaletto J.F. 1992. Lipids and life-cycle strategy of a hypolimnetic copepod in Lake Michigan. Limnology and Oceanography 37(2): 413–424. DOI: 10.4319/lo.1992.37.2.0413
Vetsler N.M. 2009. Structural features and dynamics of zooplankton community in pelagial of the Lake Dalneye (Kamchatka). Phd Thesis Abstract. Borok. 25 p. [In Russian]
Viljanen M., Holopainen A.-L., Rahkola-Sorsa M., Avinsky V., Ruuska M., Leppänen S., Rasmus K., Voutilainen A. 2009. Temporal and spatial heterogeneity of pelagic plankton in Lake Pyhäselkä, Finland. Boreal Environment Research 14(5): 903–913.
Voutilainen A., Jurvelius J., Lilja J., Viljanen M., Rahkola-Sorsa M. 2016. Associating spatial patterns of zooplankton abundance with water temperature, depth, planktivorous fish and chlorophyll. Boreal Environment Research 21(1–2): 101–114.
Williamson C.E., Saros J.E., Schindler D.W. 2009. Climate change: Sentinels of change. Science 323(5916): 887–888. DOI: 10.1126/science.1169443
Winder M., Buergi H.R., Spaak P. 2003. Seasonal vertical distribution of phytoplankton and copepod species in a high-mountain lake. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 158(2): 197–213. DOI: 10.1127/0003-9136/2003/0158-0197
Zuikova E.I., Bochkarev N.A. 2009. A description of pelagic zooplankton in the large lakes of the Todzha Depression (Bolshoi Yenisey River basin, Tuva). Inland Water Biology 2(1): 50–58. DOI: 10.1134/S1995082909010088
Zuykova E.I., Sheveleva N.G., Evstigneeva T.D. 2009. The seasonal and interannual dynamics of zooplankton in Lake Teletskoye. Inland Water Biology 2(3): 234–246. DOI: 10.1134/S1995082909030079 |
