Статья

Название статьи ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПРОСТЫХ КРОНОВЫХ ЛОВУШЕК ДЛЯ СБОРА НАСЕКОМЫХ
Авторы

Александр Борисович Ручин, д.б.н., доцент, директор ФГБУ «Заповедная Мордовия» (430005, Россия, Республика Мордовия, г. Саранск, ул. Красная, д. 30); e-mail: ruchin.alexander@gmail.com
Леонид Валентинович Егоров, к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник Государственного природного заповедника «Присурский» (428034, Россия, Чувашская Республика, г. Чебоксары, пос. Лесной, д. 9), старший научный сотрудник Объединенной дирекции Мордовского государственного природного заповедника имени П.Г. Смидовича и национального парка «Смольный» (430005, Россия, Республика Мордовия, г. Саранск, ул. Красная, д. 30); e-mail: platyscelis@mail.ru
Анатолий Александрович Хапугин, к.б.н., с.н.с. Объединенной дирекции Мордовского государственного природного заповедника имени П.Г. Смидовича и национального парка "Смольный" (430005, Россия, Республика Мордовия, г. Саранск, ул. Красная, д. 30); н.с. Тюменского государственного университета; e-mail: hapugin88@yandex.ru
Никита Евгеньевич Вихрев, Зоологический музей, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова (Большая Никитская ул., 6, Москва 125009 Россия).
Михаил Николаевич Есин, студент, Нижегородский государственный педагогический университет имени Козьмы Минина (ул. Ульянова, 1, Нижний Новгород, Нижегородская область, 603002).

Библиографическое описание статьи

Ruchin A.B., Egorov L.V., Khapugin A.A., Vikhrev N.E., Esin M.N. 2020. The use of simple crown traps for the insects collection // Nature Conservation Research. Vol. 5(1). P. 87–108. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2020.008

Рубрика Дискуссии
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2020.008
Аннотация

Приводятся материалы применения простых кроновых ловушек для изучения фауны насекомых. Ловушка представляет собой пластиковую пятилитровую емкость с вырезанным в ней с одном стороны окном на расстоянии 10 см от дна. Высота подвешивания ловушек от 2 м до 10 м от поверхности почвы. В качестве приманивающей жидкости использовали бродящее пиво, различные сухие вина с дополнением в виде меда, варенья или сахара. Оказалось, что кроновые ловушки являются эффективным инструментом изучения фауны насекомых верхних ярусов лесов. За сезоны 2018–2019 гг. в кроновые ловушки отлавливались предсавители 12 отрядов насекомых: Blattoptera, Dermaptera, Orthoptera, Heteroptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Trichoptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera. Для установки лучше выбирать места с произрастанием лиственных деревьев, выделяющих сок (Quercus, Acer, Fraxinus, Ulmus, Tilia). Данный тип ловушки можно использовать для изучения вертикального распределения насекомых в лесных системах, сезонных отловах, при изучении биотопического распределения. Рекомендуется применять кроновые ловушки при комплексном обследовании для дополнения стандартных полевых методов. Такие ловушки при правильном использовании могут быть эффективным инструментом, например, в мониторинге биоразнообразия и или изучении редких видов насекомых. Мы даем следующие рекомендации для исследования энтомофауны с помощью кроновых ловушек: 1) очень важно определить количество повторностей и количество ловушек, а также общие усилия по отбору проб; 2) необходима приемлемая таксономическая подготовка для понимания местной фауны; 3) нужно знать местную флору и особенно лесные массивы с произрастающими в них видами деревьев; 4) нужно определить для себя задачу исследования (всю фауну данной местности или фауну отдельных групп), от которой зависит выбор места и высоты расположения ловушек; 5) в качестве приманки лучше использовать сахар и мед; 6) для оптимальных результатов отлова нужно определить состав смеси приманки, высоту и место расположения ловушек; 7) время экпозиции не должно превышать 7–8 суток в летние месяцы.

Ключевые слова

Arthropoda, метод сбора насекомых, насекомые, привлекающая жидкость, привлечение, приманка на пиво

Информация о статье

Поступила: 23.11.2019. Исправлена: 21.12.2019. Принята к опубликованию: 25.12.2019.

Полный текст статьи
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