Article

Nina V. Filippova, Senior Researcher of the Yugra State University (628012, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Chekhova Street, 16); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9506-0991; e-mail: filippova.courlee.nina@gmail.com
Dmitry V. Ageev, senior technical support specialist of Signatek LLC (630090, Russia, Novosibirsk Region, Novosibirsk, Engineering Street, 22); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-1908; e-mail: dim@diamondsteel.ru
Yuriy M. Basov, chief specialist for ecology, OP IPIGAZ-Sever LLC (625049, Russia, Tyumen Region, Tyumen, Novosibirskaya Street, 131); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2161-3001; e-mail: freeman72rus@yandex.ru
Viktoria V. Bilous, music teacher, Kinder Garden №18 «Ulybka» (628001, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Michurina Street, 2); e-mail: bilous75@mail.ru
Dmitry A. Bochkov, PhD student of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (119234, Russia, Moscow, Leninskie Gory, 1, 12); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0337-8389; e-mail: convallaria1128@yandex.ru
Sergey Yu. Bolshakov, Researcher of the Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS (197376, Russia, St. Petersburg, Professora Popova Street, 2); Researcher at the Yugra State University (628012, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Chekhova Street, 16); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-7792; e-mail: s.bolshakov.ru@gmail.com
Galina N. Bushmakova, Research Assistant of the Malaya Sosva State Nature Reserve (628242, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Sovetskiy, Lenina Street, 46); e-mail: msosva@gmail.com
Elena A. Butunina, Senior Researcher of the Natural Park «Kondinskie Ozera» named after L.F. Stashkevich (628242, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Sovetsky, Komsomolsky lane, 5); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1803-2962; e-mail: anuna77@bk.ru
Evgeny A. Davydov, Senior Researcher of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (630090, Russia, Novosibirsk Region, Novosibirsk, Zolotodolinskaya Street, 101); Senior Researcher of the Altai State University (656049, Russia, Altaisky Krai, Barnaul); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2316-8506; e-mail: eadavydov@yandex.ru
Alexandra Yu. Esengeldenova, Researcher of the Natural Park «Kondinskie Ozera» named after L.F. Stashkevich (628242, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Sovetsky, Komsomolsky lane, 5); e-mail: aleksandra090@mail.ru
Ilya V. Filippov, Senior Researcher of the Yugra State University (628012, Russia, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Chekhova Street, 16); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-553X; e-mail: filip83pov@yandex.ru
Alexandra V. Filippova, Associate Professor of the Kemerovo State University (650000, Russia, Kemerovo Region, Kemerovo, Krasnaya Street, 6); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-1258; e-mail: sasha1977@ngs.ru
Sergei V. Gerasimov, methodologist-teacher of the Bashkir Republican Children's Ecological and Biological Center (450001, Russia, Bashkortostan, Ufa, Oktyabrya Avenue, 14/1, apt. 42); e-mail: gerasimov.1952@mail.ru
Lyudmila B. Kalinina, Researcher of the Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS (197376, Russia, St. Petersburg, Professora Popova Street, 2); Researcher of the State Nature Reserve «Polistovsky» (182840, Russia, Pskov Region, Bezhantsy village, Sovetskaya Street, 9b); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7809-8891; e-mail: smillak@gmail.com
Juha Kinnunen, Researcher of Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki (FIN-00600, Finland, Helsinki, Oulunkyläntie 29); e-mail: bodhi.heera@gmail.com
Alexander A. Korepanov, Independent Researcher (628002, Russia, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Otradnaya Street, 10); e-mail: urmansky@rambler.ru
Natalia N. Korotkikh, Leading Researcher of the Natural Park «Kondinskie Ozera» named after L.F. Stashkevich (628242, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Sovetsky, Komsomolsky lane, 5); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4782-2979; e-mail: Korotkich@mail.ru
Igor V. Kuzmin, Researcher of the Tyumen State University (625003, Russia, Tyumen Region, Tyumen, Lenina Street, 25); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-4015; e-mail: ivkuzmintgu@yandex.ru
Sergey V. Kvashnin, ecologist of Geo-Vector LLC (627753, Russia, Tyumen Region, Ishim, Rokossovskogo Street, 20B, apt. 31); e-mail: diosinland@yandex.ru
Alexandra I. Mingalimova, Researcher of the Yugra State University (628012, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Chekhova Street, 16); e-mail: ksanne-86@mail.ru
Nikolay V. Nakonechnyi, Senior Researcher of the Surgut State University (628408, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Surgut, Lenina Street 1); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4437-5667; e-mail: yyd@liStreetru
Ruslan N. Nurkhanov, Independent Researcher (050000, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Gabdullina Street, 57/20); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2338-6455; e-mail: nurkhanov@gmail.com
Evgeniy S. Popov, Senior Researcher of the Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS (197376, Russia, St. Petersburg, Professora Popova Street, 2); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-3117; e-mail: epopov@binran.ru
Kim O. Potapov, Senior Lecturer of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University (420097, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Tovarischeskaya Street, 5); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-1021; e-mail: potapov_ko@mail.ru
Yury A. Rebriev, Leading Researcher of the Southern Scientific Center RAS (344006, Russia, Rostov Region, Rostov-on-Don, Chekhov Avenue, 41); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-8593; e-mail: rebriev@yandex.ru
Anton S. Rezvyi, Senior Researcher of the Museum of Nature and Man (628011, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Mira Street, 11); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-0861; e-mail: croc74@mail.ru
Sofia R. Romanova, kindergarden student (628001, Russia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Roznina Street); e-mail: bilous75@mail.ru
Tatiana L. Strus, Independent Researcher (628007, Russia, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Stroiteley Street, 104); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5384-5558; email: strustatjana@yandex.ru
Carl Sundström, INTERACT – International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic (Uppsala, Sweden); email: carl.sundstrom95@gmail.com
Tatiana Yu. Svetasheva, Associate Professor of the Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University (300026, Russia, Tula Region, Tula, Lenin Avenue, 125, building 4); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-9518; e-mail: foxtail_svett@mail.ru
Massimo Tabone, Researcher of Livorno Mycological Group (Spain, Girona, Museum of Natural History of the Mediterranean); e-mail: mastabo@inwind.it
Svetlana G. Tsarakhova, Independent Researcher (628012, Russia, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Stroiteley Street, 119); e-mail: tsarakhovasg@gmail.com
Alexandra L. Vasina, deputy director for research of Malaya Sosva State Nature Reserve (628242, Russia, Tyumen Region, Sovetskiy, Lenina Street, 46); e-mail: msosva@gmail.com
Anastasia V. Vlasenko, head of the laboratory of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (630090, Russia, Novosibirsk Region, Novosibirsk, Zolotodolinskaya Street, 101); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-4482; e-mail: Anastasiamix81@mail.ru
Vyacheslav A. Vlasenko, Senior Researcher of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (630090, Russia, Novosibirsk Region, Novosibirsk, Zolotodolinskaya Street, 101); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5928-0041; e-mail: vlasenkomyces@mail.ru
Lidia S. Yakovchenko, Senior Researcher of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (630090, Russia, Novosibirsk Region, Novosibirsk, Zolotodolinskaya Street, 101); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-7771; e-mail: lidiyakovchenko@mail.ru
Alexander A. Yakovlev, Independent Researcher (428014, Russia, Republic of Chuvashia, Cheboksary-14, Cheboksary district, Sinyaly village, Novaya Street, 21); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1841-4047; e-mail: ekoasio@yandex.ru
Elena A. Zvyagina, engineer of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (186672, Russia, Republic of Karelia, settlement Primorskiy, BBS MSU); Researcher of the Yugra State University (628012, Russia, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk, Chekhova Street, 16); iD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-4847; e-mail: mycena@yandex.ru

Filippova N.V., Ageev D.V., Basov Yu.M., Bilous V.V., Bochkov D.A., Bolshakov S.Yu., Bushmakova G.N., Butunina E.A., Davydov E.A., Esengeldenova A.Yu., Filippov I.V., Filippova A.V., Gerasimov S.V., Kalinina L.B., Kinnunen J., Korepanov A.A., Korotkikh N.N., Kuzmin I.V., Kvashnin S.V., Mingalimova A.I., Nakonechnyi N.V., Nurkhanov R.N., Popov E.S., Potapov K.O., Rebriev Yu.A., Rezvyi A.S., Romanova S.R., Strus T.L., Sundström C., Svetasheva T.Yu., Tabone M., Tsarakhova S.G., Vasina A.L., Vlasenko A.V., Vlasenko V.A., Yakovchenko L.S., Yakovlev A.A., Zvyagina E.A. 2022. Crowdsourcing fungal biodiversity: revision of iNaturalist observations in Northwestern Siberia. Nature Conservation Research 7(Suppl.1): 64–78. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2022.023

Electronic Supplement 1. An annotated list of protected species on regional, national or global (IUCN) Red Lists registered on iNaturalist.org in Northwestern Siberia (observations in Research Grade status) (Link).
Electronic Supplement 2. An annotated list of new regional occurrences registered for the first time on iNaturalist.org in any of the three administrative regions in Northwestern Siberia (Link).

The paper presents the first analysis of crowdsourcing data of all observations of fungi (including lichens) and myxomycetes in Northwestern Siberia uploaded to iNaturalist.org to date (24.02.2022). The Introduction presents an analysis of fungal diversity crowdsourcing globally, in Russia, and in the region of interest. Materials and methods describe the protocol of uploading data to iNaturalist.org, the structure of the crowdsourcing community, initiative to revise the accumulated data, procedures of data analysis, and compilation of a dataset of revised crowdsourced data. The Results present the analysis of accumulated data by several parameters: temporal, geographical and taxonomical scope, observation and identification efforts, identifiability of various taxa, species novelty and Red Data Book categories and the protection status of registered observations. The Discussion provides data on usability of crowdsourcing data for biodiversity research and conservation of fungi, including pros and contras. The Electronic Supplements to the paper include an annotated checklist of observations of protected species with information on Red Data Book categories and the protection status, and an annotated checklist of regional records of new taxa. The paper is supplemented with a dataset of about 15 000 revised and annotated records available through Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The tradition of crowdsourcing is rooted in mycological societies around the world, including Russia. In Northwestern Siberia, a regional mycological club was established in 2018, encouraging its members to contribute observations of fungi on iNaturalist.org. A total of about 15 000 observations of fungi and myxomycetes were uploaded so far, by about 200 observers, from three administrative regions (Yamalo-Nenetsky Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Tyumen Region). The geographical coverage of crowdsourcing observations remains low. However, the observation activity has increased in the last four years. The goal of this study consisted of a collaborative effort of professional mycologists invited to help with the identification of these observations and analysis of the accumulated data. As a result, all observations were reviewed by at least one expert. About half of all the observations have been identified reliably to the species level and received Research Grade status. Of those, 90 species (195 records) represented records of taxa new to their respective regions; 876 records of 53 species of protected species provide important data for conservation programmes. The other half of the observations consists of records still under-identified for various reasons: poor quality photographs, complex taxa (impossible to identify without microscopic or molecular study), or lack of experts in a particular taxonomic group. The Discussion section summarises the pros and cons of the use of crowdsourcing for the study and conservation of regional fungal diversity, and summarises the dispute on this subject among mycologists. Further research initiatives involving crowdsourcing data must focus on an increase in the quality of observations and strive to introduce the habit of collecting voucher specimens among the community of amateurs. The timely feedback from experts is also important to provide quality and the increase of personal involvement.

biodiversity data mobilisation, citizen science, fungal conservation, fungi, human observation, lichens, mycological society, new record, protected species, Red Data Book

Received: 01.01.2022. Revised: 19.04.2022. Accepted: 26.04.2022.

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