A NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOPARACLIUS (DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE) FROM SOUTH AFRICA

The genus Pseudoparaclius is endemic to the Afrotropical Region. Pseudoparaclius manningi sp.n. is described from the Ukhahlamba Drakensberg Park in KwaZulu-Natal Province of the Republic of South Africa; a key to the nine known southern African species of Pseudoparaclius is provided. P. manningi male differs from other species of the genus in mostly brown-black femora, unmodified podomeres without remarkable setae, strongly elongated clypeus, and morphology of hypopygium. New data on the type species of the genus, P. brincki, are also given.


Introduction
In contrast to neighbouring countries, the South African fauna of long-legged flies (Dolichopodidae) is relatively well studied, but is expected to reach at least 250 species with its currently known 190 species (Grichanov, 2018, 201�a,b)� �he results of the Doli-201�a,b)� �he results of the Doli-b)� �he results of the Dolichopodidae investigation support the pattern of a high degree of endemism with many species and some genera being confined only to this territory� The genus Pseudoparaclius Grichanov, 2006 has been created for 14 species of Paracleius Bigot, 185� (now synonym to Pelastoneurus Loew, 1861) distributed in Afrotropical countries from Ivory Coast in the West to Kenya in the East and the Republic of South Africa in the South of the continent (Grichanov, 2004(Grichanov, , 2006)� Subsequently Kaae et al� (2015) described P. udzungwa Kaae, Grichanov et Pape, 2015, from Tanzania, related the species to the Tanzanian endemic P. sanjensis (Grichanov, 2004), and compiled a key to the known species of the genus including two unde-species of the genus including two undescribed species from Ivory Coast and Madagascar. The authors suggested that the genus has a much wider dis-a much wider distribution, occurring in the Orient, reaching Japan and Australia. New records or illustrations for some spe-New records or illustrations for some species from South Africa have been published by Grichanov et al� (2011a,b) and Grichanov (2011)� In this paper a new species of Pseudoparaclius from South Africa is described, and an identification key to the nine known southern African species is fi rst-southern African species is fi rst-species is firstly provided. In addition, new data on the type species of the genus, P. brincki (Vanschuytbroeck, 1�60), including new records and first colour photos are given� Only two southern African species occur outside this territory. In all, eight species are recorded from South Africa, and one species from Zimbabwe.

Material and Methods
A new Pseudoparaclius species has been collected from the Mkhomazi Wilderness Area, which refers to a large section of the southern parts of Ukhahlamba Drakensberg Park in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The latter and the Sehlabathebe National Park in the Kingdom of Lesotho were linked together on 11 June 2001 as Maloti-Drakensberg Park or Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area. The diversity of habitats on this site protects a high level of endemic and globally important plants and animals (see UNESCO World Heritage Centre, 2020 for further reading)� A new Pseudoparaclius species discovered is photographed with a ZEISS Discovery V-12 stereo microscope and an AxioCam MRc5 camera. Genitalia preparations have been photographed with a ZEISS Axiostar stereo microscope and an AxioCam ICc3 camera. Morphological terminology and abbreviations follow Cumming & Wood (2017) and Grichanov & Brooks (2017)� �he body length is measured from the base of the antenna to the posterior tip of epandrium. The wing length is measured from the base to the wing apex. In citations of labels below the lines as they appear in each label are separated by a slash «/» and data of different labels are separated by a double slash «//».The types of the new species and other material are housed at the Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (NMSA)� Head. Frons and face black, with dense silvery-white microtomentum (Fig� 2B)� �wo long black ocellar setae. Postocular setae black. Compound eyes, with short ommatrichia, face under antennae nearly 2 times as wide as postpedicel and nearly parallel-sided, glabrous, with slightly bulging and strongly projecting downward clypeus; clypeus narrowing downward, with rounded apex; width of face under antennae to length of face between antennae and clypeus to length of clypeus = 0�3� mm, 0�47 mm, 0�57 mm� Antenna (Fig� 2C) black, scape with setae on dorsal surface and short inner acute projection. Pedicel short and rather compressed, convex anteriad with one strong dorsal seta and ring of short setae. Postpedicel rounded, convex anteriad, slightly longer than high (5/4), with microtrichia� aristalike stylus with short hairs, positioned near middle of dorsal side of postpedicel. Length of scape to pedicel to postpedicel to stylus (1 st and 2 nd segments) = 0�17 mm, 0�15 mm, 0�26 mm, 0�21 mm, 0�66 mm� Palpus and proboscis short, black� Thorax mostly bluish-greenish black and metallic shiny, with whitish pollinose pleura, mesonotum with strong black dorsal setae� 6 dorsocentral setae decreasing in size anteriorly; 2 rows of acrostichals. Proepisternum with one strong black seta. Anepisternum, katepisternum and meron without setae; metepimeron with small patch of light setae along lower part of posterior margin. Postpronotal lobe with 1 strong erect black seta. Scutellum with 2 strong setae and 2 short lateral hair-like setae.

Differential diagnosis
The male of the new species differs from other species of the genus in mostly brown-black femora, unmodified podomeres without remarkable setae, strongly elongated clypeus and morphology of hypopygium (see key below). Pseudoparaclius zogualensis (Grichanov, 2004) male described from Ivory Coast also has simple legs, but with yellow femora; narrow face and small clypeus, not reaching lower margin of eyes; cercus nearly 2 times longer than high, with narrow distal apex (see Grichanov, 2004, Fig� 12�)� Distribution. Afrotropical � South Africa� Etymology. The species is named after J. Manning, who collected the type series.
Biology. According to labels under the type specimens, imagos inhabit rocks in mountain streams. This station corresponds to the known hab-. This station corresponds to the known habitats of some other species of the genus, i.e. temperate forests in the mountains of South Africa and tropical woodlands in the mountains of East Africa

Key to the species of Pseudoparaclius (males) from South Africa and Zimbabwe
�his key is built on Kaae et al� (2015) but has scattered modifications based on material examined for the present study.