Article

Anna N. Barashkova, PhD, staff of the Sibecocenter; P.O.Box 547, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; e-mail: anna@sibecocenter.ru
Vadim E. Kirilyuk, PhD, Director of the Daursky State Nature Biosphere Reserve; Russia, 674480, Trans-Baikal Krai, Onon district, Nizhniy Tsasuchey, Komsomolskaya Street, 76; e-mail: vkiriliuk@bk.ru
Ilya E. Smelansky, staff of the Sibecocenter; P.O.Box 547, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; e-mail: ilya@savesteppe.org

Barashkova A.N., Kirilyuk V.E., Smelansky I.E. 2017. Significance of Protected Areas for the Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul: Felidae) conservation in Russia. Nature Conservation Research 2(Suppl. 1): 113–124. https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2017.019

The Pallas's cat, or Manul, Otocolobus manul, belongs to the small felines. In Russia this species is located at the northern periphery of its range. Potential habitats of this species within its Russian range's part have been highlighted on the base of remote sensing data, topographic maps and digital cartographic models. Maps of the Pallas's cat's records in Russia have been compiled using literature data, authors' own data and information provided by contributors of the online database «Small Wild Сats of Eurasia». We have shown the representation of potential habitats of the Pallas's cat and its actual registrations within Protected Areas of Russia. The total area of potential habitats for this species in Russia is assessed as 145,150 km². The presence of Manul is confirmed for five regions of Russia: Republic of Altai, Republic of Tyva, Republic of Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Trans-Baikal Krai. The registration of the species' records mainly corresponds to the location of its potential habitats. The main categories of both federal and regional Russian Protected Areas cover 10.8% (13.5% taken with the buffer zones) of the total area of potential habitats for the Pallas's cat. The significance of each Protected Area for Manul conservation has been considered in detail. We have discussed whether the representativeness of the existing Protected Areas is sufficient for conservation of this species. We have identified the main territorial gaps that reduce the Pallas's cat protection in some parts of the Russian range.

distribution, online database, Otocolobus manul, Pallas's cat, potential habitats, Protected Areas, territorial protection, territorial protection gaps

Received: 12.04.2017

Barashkova A. 2005. What is known about Pallas's cat in Russia. Steppe Bulletin 19: 29–32. [In Russian]
Barashkova A. 2012. New data on Pallas's cat in Tyva. Steppe Bulletin 35: 44–48. [In Russian]
Barashkova A.N., Kirilyuk V.Е. 2011. On study of Pallas's cat home ranges by radiotelemetry method. In: Remote methods of research in zoology. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press Ltd. P. 8. [In Russian]
Barashkova A., Smelansky I. 2011. Pallas's cat in the Altai Republic, Russia. Cat News 54: 4–7.
Barashkova A.N., Smelansky I.E. 2016. Photo records of mammals in South-Eastern Altai (Kosh-Agach district, Altai Republic). In: Biodiversity, ecological issues of Gorny Altai and its neighbouring regions: present, past, and future. Gorno-Altaisk: Gorno-Altaisk State University Press. P. 26–29. [In Russian]
Barashkova A.N., Smelansky I.E., Tomilenko A.A., Naidenko S.V., Dambain A.B. 2010. Towards the abundance and distribution of Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul) in the Republic of Altai. In: Mountain ecosystems of South Siberia: study, conservation and rational use. Proceedings of the Tigirek State Natural Reserve 3: 287–289. [In Russian]
Barashkova A., Chestina A., Goreva N., Denisov A., Karnaukhov A., Karyakin I., Kirilyuk V., Kuzhlekov A., Malikov D., Naidenko S., Rovero F., Shelest E., Shtol D., Smelansky I., Spitsyn S., Tsyrendashiev T., Vinner N. 2017. Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul). In: Small wild cats of Eurasia (Web-GIS «Faunistics»). Electronic online-database. Available at: http://wildcats.wildlifemonitoring.ru. Downloaded on 30.03.2017.
Belov I. 2015. Pallas's cat in left banks of upper Onon river. Steppe Bulletin 45: 68–69. [In Russian]
Denisov A.V., Eshelkin I.I., Filatov E.I., Polkovnikov E.S., Sheffer V.V., Sanarov P.P., Abibulaev D.E. 2015. Meetings with Pallas's cat in Kosh-Agach district of the Republic of Altai. In: Endangered, rare and less studied animal species and its presence in the Red Data Book of Altai Republic of previous and future editions. Gorno-Altaisk. P. 115–118. [In Russian]
Dorzhiev Ts.Z., Dashanimaev V.M., Zhavzmaa N., Tamir Zh. 2009. About some species of the steppe mammals of Darkhat hollow (Mongolia). Buryat State University Bulletin 4: 154–158. [In Russian]
Gadghiev I.M., Korolyuk A.Yu., Titlyanova A.A., Andievsky V.S., Bayartogtokh B., Grishina L.G., Kosykh N.P., Kyrgys Ch.O., Mironycheva-Tokareva N.P., Romanova I.P., Sambuu A.D., Smelansky I.E. 2002. Steppes of Inner Asia. Novosibirsk: SB RAS Publisher. 299 p. [In Russian]
Goreva N. 2017. Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul). In: Small wild cats of Eurasia (Web-GIS «Faunistics»). Electronic online-database. Available at: http://wildcats.wildlifemonitoring.ru. Downloaded on 05 April 2017.
Hammer Ø., Harper D.A.T., Ryan P.D. 2001. PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica 4(1): 9.
Istomov S.V., Khritankov A.M., Shishikin A.S., Kozhechkin V.V. 2016. Pallas's cat in the south of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Mordovia Reserve 11: 35–38. [In Russian]
Kalikhman T.P., Bogdanov V.N., Ogorodnikova L.Yu. 2012. Protected areas of the Siberian Federal District. Atlas. Irkutsk: Publisher «Ottisk». 384 p. [In Russian]
Karnaukhov A., Malykh S. 2017. Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul). In: Small wild cats of Eurasia (Web-GIS «Faunistics»). Electronic online-database. Available at: http://wildcats.wildlifemonitoring.ru. Downloaded on 30 March 2017.
Kirilyuk V.E. 1999. On Pallas's cat (Felis manul Pall., 1778) nutrition and behaviour in the southeastern Trans-Baikal region. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists 104(6): 41–44. [In Russian]
Kirilyuk V.E., Barashkova A.N. 2011. Assessment of abundance and main factors influencing the population status of Pallas's cat in Trans-Baikal Krai. The report on institutional contract. 17 p. [In Russian]
Kirilyuk V.E., Barashkova A.N. 2016. Control estimation of Pallas's cat abundance in the pilot Protected Area in Dauria. The final report. 8 p. [In Russian]
Kirilyuk V.E., Puzansky V.A. 2000. Distribution and abundance of Pallas's cat in the South-East of Trans-Baikal Krai. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists 105(3): 3–9. [In Russian]
Konunova A.N., Konunov Yu.A., Olchonov A. 2015. Short data on rare mammals of the Eastern Altai. In: Endangered, rare and less studied species of animals and its presence in Red Data Book of Altai Republic of previous and future editions. Gorno-Altaisk. P. 168–169. [In Russian]
Kuksin A.N., Goreva N.A., Barashkova A.N. 2016. Modern status of Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul Pallas, 1776) in Tyva. In: Modern status of rare plants and animals in the Republic of Tyva.. Kyzyl. P. 76–81. [In Russian]
Litvinov N.I, Bazardorzh D. 1992. Mammals of Trans-Hubsugul region (The Mongolian National Republic). Irkutsk: Publisher of the Irkutsk State University. 136 p. [In Russian]
Map of Protected Areas of Russian Federation. In: Informational-Analytic System «Protected Areas of Russia». AARI, laboratory of geoinformatic technologies, 2017. Available at: http://oopt.aari.ru/oopt_map. Downloaded on 12 April, 2017
Map of remained steppe ecosystems (steppe massifs) of Russia. In: Steppe Conservation in Russia – web-site on conservation, restoration and non-destructive use of steppe ecosystems and associated species of plants and animals. 2017. Available at: http://savesteppe.org/maps. Retrieved on 12 April, 2017.
Medvedev D.G. 2007. Manul in the Eastern Sayan and Tunka valley. Bulletin of the East Siberian Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 2(Suppl.): 93–96. [In Russian]
Naidenko S.V., Smelansky I.E., Barashkova A.N. 2007. Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul) status in the southeast of Altai Republic. In: Theriofauna of Russia and contiguous territories. Moscow: KMK Scientific Press Ltd. P. 322. [In Russian]
Naidenko S.V., Pavlova E.V., Kirilyuk V.E. 2014. Detection of seasonal weight loss and a serologic survey of potential pathogens in wild Pallas' cats (Felis [Otocolobus] manul) of the Daurian steppe, Russia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 50(2): 188–194. doi: 10.7589/2013-03-068
Pavlova E.V., Kirilyuk V.E., Naidenko S.V. 2015. Patterns of seroprevalence of feline viruses among domestic cats and Pallas' cats in Daurskii Reserve, Russia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 93: 849–855. DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2015-0006
Red Data Book of Russian Federation (Animals). Moscow: Astrel, 2001. 860 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The Rare and Endangered Species of Animals; 3^rd edition, revised and added. Krasnoyarsk: Siberian Federal University, 2012. 205 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the Republic of Altai. Animals. Gorno-Altaisk, 2007. 400 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the Republic of Buryatia. Rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi. Ulan-Ude: Publisher of Buryat Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of RAS, 2013. 688 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the Republic of Tyva: animals. Novosibirsk, 2002. 168 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the Trans-Baikal Krai. Animals. Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk Publishing House, 2012. 344 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the USSR: Rare and endangered species of animals and plants. Moscow: Lesnaya promyshlennost, 1978. 460 p. [In Russian]
Red Data Book of the USSR: Rare and endangered species of animals and plants. Vol. 1. 2^nd edition. Moscow: Lesnaya promyshlennost, 1984. 392 p. [In Russian]
Report on scientific work «Monitoring of animal species, listed in the Red Data Book of Russian Federation, in the Republic of Tyva. Section: data on population status of Pallas's cat in Tyva». Kyzyl, 2006 (manuscript). [In Russian]
Ross S., Munkhtsog B., Harris S. 2012. Determinants of mesocarnivore range use: relative effects of prey and habitat properties on Pallas's cat home-range size. Journal of Mammalogy 93(5): 1292–1300. DOI: 10.1644/11-MAMM-A-060.1
Ross S., Barashkova A., Farhadinia M.S., Appel A., Riordan P., Sanderson J., Munkhtsog B. 2016. Otocolobus manul. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15640A87840229. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15640A87840229.en. Downloaded on 30 March 2017.
Shelest E. 2017. Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul). In: Small wild cats of Eurasia (Web-GIS «Faunistics»). Electronic online-database. Available at: http://wildcats.wildlifemonitoring.ru. Downloaded on 05 April, 2017.
Shelest E.N., Khidekel V.V. 2016. Manul in Buryatia: existing data and perspectives of study. In: Biodiversity: global and regional processes. Ulan-Ude: Publisher of Buryat Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of RAS. P. 130–131. [In Russian]
Sokolov G.A. 2012. Manul. In: A.P. Savchenko (ed.): Red Data Book of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Vol. 1. Rare and endangered species of animals. Krasnoyarsk: Siberian Federal University. P. 147. [In Russian]
Spitsyn S. 2017. Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul). In: Small wild cats of Eurasia (Web-GIS «Faunistics»). Electronic online-database. Available at: http://wildcats.wildlifemonitoring.ru. Downloaded on 30 March, 2017.
The report on ecological situation in Trans-Baikal Krai in 2015. Chita, 2016a. 215 p. [In Russian]
The report on the status and protection of environment in the Republic of Altai in 2015. Gorno-Altaisk, 2016b. 120 p. [In Russian]
The state report on the status and protection of environment in Krasnoyarsk Krai in 2015. Krasnoyarsk, 2016a. 314 p. [In Russian]
The state report on the status and protection of environment in the Republic of Buryatia in 2015. Ulan-Ude, 2016b. 249 p. [In Russian]
The state report on the status and protection of environment in the Republic of Tyva in 2015. Kyzyl, 2016c. 140 p. [In Russian]